RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in pre-mRNA cleavage factor Im 68 kDa subunit (CFIm68 or CPSF6) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of CFIm68. Cleavage factor Im (CFIm) is a highly conserved component of the eukaryotic mRNA 3' processing machinery that functions in UGUA-mediated poly(A) site recognition, the regulation of alternative poly(A) site selection, mRNA export, and mRNA splicing. It is a complex composed of a small 25 kDa (CFIm25) subunit and a larger 59/68/72 kDa subunit. Two separate genes, CPSF6 and CPSF7, code for two isoforms of the large subunit, CFIm68 and CFIm59. The family includes CFIm68, also termed cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 6 (CPSF6), or cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 68 kDa subunit (CPSF68), or protein HPBRII-4/7. CFIm68 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a central proline-rich region, and a C-terminal RS-like domain. The N-terminal RRM of CFIm68 mediates the interaction with CFIm25. It also serves to enhance RNA binding and facilitate RNA looping.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 568967989  82 ALYIGNLTWWTTDEDLTEAVHSLGVNDILEIKFFENRANGQSKGFALVGVGSEASSKKLMDLLPKRELHGQSPVVTP 158
Cdd:cd12643    1 ALYVGNLTWWTTDEDLTEALHSIGVNDLLEIKFFENRANGQSKGFALIVVGSEASSRKLMDKLPKKELHGQNPVVTP 77

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in pre-mRNA cleavage factor Im 68 kDa subunit (CFIm68 or CPSF6) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of CFIm68. Cleavage factor Im (CFIm) is a highly conserved component of the eukaryotic mRNA 3' processing machinery that functions in UGUA-mediated poly(A) site recognition, the regulation of alternative poly(A) site selection, mRNA export, and mRNA splicing. It is a complex composed of a small 25 kDa (CFIm25) subunit and a larger 59/68/72 kDa subunit. Two separate genes, CPSF6 and CPSF7, code for two isoforms of the large subunit, CFIm68 and CFIm59. The family includes CFIm68, also termed cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 6 (CPSF6), or cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 68 kDa subunit (CPSF68), or protein HPBRII-4/7. CFIm68 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a central proline-rich region, and a C-terminal RS-like domain. The N-terminal RRM of CFIm68 mediates the interaction with CFIm25. It also serves to enhance RNA binding and facilitate RNA looping.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 568967989  82 ALYIGNLTWWTTDEDLTEAVHSLGVNDILEIKFFENRANGQSKGFALVGVGSEASSKKLMDLLPKRELHGQSPVVTP 158
Cdd:cd12643    1 ALYVGNLTWWTTDEDLTEALHSIGVNDLLEIKFFENRANGQSKGFALIVVGSEASSRKLMDKLPKKELHGQNPVVTP 77

RNA recognition motif (RRM) domain [Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis];

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 568967989  83 LYIGNLTWWTTDEDLTEAVHSLGvnDILEIKFFENRANGQSKGFALVGVGSEASSKKLMDLLPKRELHGQSPVV 156
Cdd:COG0724    4 IYVGNLPYSVTEEDLRELFSEYG--EVTSVKLITDRETGRSRGFGFVEMPDDEEAQAAIEALNGAELMGRTLKV 75

RNA recognition motif. (a.k.a. RRM, RBD, or RNP domain); The RRM motif is probably diagnostic of an RNA binding protein. RRMs are found in a variety of RNA binding proteins, including various hnRNP proteins, proteins implicated in regulation of alternative splicing, and protein components of snRNPs. The motif also appears in a few single stranded DNA binding proteins. The RRM structure consists of four strands and two helices arranged in an alpha/beta sandwich, with a third helix present during RNA binding in some cases The C-terminal beta strand (4th strand) and final helix are hard to align and have been omitted in the SEED alignment The LA proteins have an N terminal rrm which is included in the seed. There is a second region towards the C terminus that has some features characteriztic of a rrm but does not appear to have the important structural core of a rrm. The LA proteins are one of the main autoantigens in Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 568967989   83 LYIGNLTWWTTDEDLTEAVHSLGvnDILEIKFFeNRANGQSKGFALVGVGSEASSKKLMDLLPKRELHG 151
Cdd:pfam00076   1 LFVGNLPPDTTEEDLKDLFSKFG--PIKSIRLV-RDETGRSKGFAFVEFEDEEDAEKAIEALNGKELGG 66

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in pre-mRNA cleavage factor Im 68 kDa subunit (CFIm68 or CPSF6) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of CFIm68. Cleavage factor Im (CFIm) is a highly conserved component of the eukaryotic mRNA 3' processing machinery that functions in UGUA-mediated poly(A) site recognition, the regulation of alternative poly(A) site selection, mRNA export, and mRNA splicing. It is a complex composed of a small 25 kDa (CFIm25) subunit and a larger 59/68/72 kDa subunit. Two separate genes, CPSF6 and CPSF7, code for two isoforms of the large subunit, CFIm68 and CFIm59. The family includes CFIm68, also termed cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 6 (CPSF6), or cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 68 kDa subunit (CPSF68), or protein HPBRII-4/7. CFIm68 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a central proline-rich region, and a C-terminal RS-like domain. The N-terminal RRM of CFIm68 mediates the interaction with CFIm25. It also serves to enhance RNA binding and facilitate RNA looping.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 568967989  82 ALYIGNLTWWTTDEDLTEAVHSLGVNDILEIKFFENRANGQSKGFALVGVGSEASSKKLMDLLPKRELHGQSPVVTP 158
Cdd:cd12643    1 ALYVGNLTWWTTDEDLTEALHSIGVNDLLEIKFFENRANGQSKGFALIVVGSEASSRKLMDKLPKKELHGQNPVVTP 77

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in pre-mRNA cleavage factor Im 59 kDa subunit (CFIm59 or CPSF7) and similar proteins; This subgroup corresponds to the RRM of CFIm59. Cleavage factor Im (CFIm) is a highly conserved component of the eukaryotic mRNA 3' processing machinery that functions in UGUA-mediated poly(A) site recognition, the regulation of alternative poly(A) site selection, mRNA export, and mRNA splicing. It is a complex composed of a small 25 kDa (CFIm25) subunit and a larger 59/68/72 kDa subunit. The two separate genes, CPSF6 and CPSF7, code for two isoforms of the large subunit, CFIm68 and CFIm59. The family includes CFIm59, also termed cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 6 (CPSF7), or cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 59 kDa subunit (CPSF59). CFIm59 contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain), a central proline-rich region, and a C-terminal RS-like domain. The N-terminal RRM of CFIm59 mediates the interaction with CFIm25. It also serves to enhance RNA binding and facilitate RNA looping.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 568967989  80 RIALYIGNLTWWTTDEDLTEAVHSLGVNDILEIKFFENRANGQSKGFALVGVGSEASSKKLMDLLPKRELHGQSPVVTPC 159
Cdd:cd12644    1 RAAVYVGNFSWWTTDQDLINLIRSLGVKDVVELKFAENRANGQSKGYAEVVVASENSVHLLLELLPGKKLNGEKVDVRLA 80

                 ....*....
gi 568967989 160 NKQFLSQFE 168
Cdd:cd12644   81 TRQNLSQFE 89

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in Nicotiana sylvestris chloroplastic 33 kDa ribonucleoprotein (NsCP33) and similar proteins; The family includes NsCP33, Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplastic 31 kDa ribonucleoprotein (CP31A) and mitochondrial glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 2 (AtGR-RBP2). NsCP33 may be involved in splicing and/or processing of chloroplast RNA's. AtCP31A, also called RNA-binding protein 1/2/3 (AtRBP33), or RNA-binding protein CP31A, or RNA-binding protein RNP-T, or RNA-binding protein cp31, is required for specific RNA editing events in chloroplasts and stabilizes specific chloroplast mRNAs, as well as for normal chloroplast development under cold stress conditions by stabilizing transcripts of numerous mRNAs under these conditions. CP31A may modulate telomere replication through RNA binding domains. AtGR-RBP2, also called AtRBG2, or glycine-rich protein 2 (AtGRP2), or mitochondrial RNA-binding protein 1a (At-mRBP1a), plays a role in RNA transcription or processing during stress. It binds RNAs and DNAs sequence with a preference to single-stranded nucleic acids. AtGR-RBP2 displays strong affinity to poly(U) sequence. It exerts cold and freezing tolerance, probably by exhibiting an RNA chaperone activity during the cold and freezing adaptation process. Some members in this family contain two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the second RRM motif.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 568967989  83 LYIGNLTWWTTDEDLTEAVHSLGvnDILEIKFFENRANGQSKGFALVGVGSEASSKKLMDLLPKRELHGQSPVVTP 158
Cdd:cd21608    2 LYVGNLSWDTTEDDLRDLFSEFG--EVESAKVITDRETGRSRGFGFVTFSTAEAAEAAIDALNGKELDGRSIVVNE 75

glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 4; Provisional

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 568967989  83 LYIGNLTWWTTDEDLTEAVHSLGvnDILEIKFFENRANGQSKGFALVGVGSEASSKKLMDLLPKRELHGQSPVVTPCNKQ 162
Cdd:PLN03134  37 LFIGGLSWGTDDASLRDAFAHFG--DVVDAKVIVDRETGRSRGFGFVNFNDEGAATAAISEMDGKELNGRHIRVNPANDR 114

                         90       100       110
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 568967989 163 fLSQFEMQSRKTTQSGQMSGEGKAGPPGGG 192
Cdd:PLN03134 115 -PSAPRAYGGGGGYSGGGGGYGGGGDGGGG 143

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in yeast protein gar2 and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of yeast protein gar2, a novel nucleolar protein required for 18S rRNA and 40S ribosomal subunit accumulation. It shares similar domain architecture with nucleolin from vertebrates and NSR1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The highly phosphorylated N-terminal domain of gar2 is made up of highly acidic regions separated from each other by basic sequences, and contains multiple phosphorylation sites. The central domain of gar2 contains two closely adjacent N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The C-terminal RGG (or GAR) domain of gar2 is rich in glycine, arginine and phenylalanine residues.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 568967989  83 LYIGNLTWWTTDEDLTEAVHSLGvnDILEIKFFENRANGQSKGFALVGVGSEASSKKLMDLLPKRELHG 151
Cdd:cd12448    1 LFVGNLPFSATQDALYEAFSQHG--SIVSVRLPTDRETGQPKGFGYVDFSTIDSAEAAIDALGGEYIDG 67

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in chloroplastic plastid-specific 30S ribosomal protein 2 (PSRP-2) and similar proteins; PSRP-2, also called chloroplastic 30S ribosomal protein 2, or chloroplastic small ribosomal subunit protein cS22, is a component of the chloroplast ribosome (chloro-ribosome), a dedicated translation machinery responsible for the synthesis of chloroplast genome-encoded proteins, including proteins of the transcription and translation machinery and components of the photosynthetic apparatus. It binds single strand DNA (ssDNA) and RNA in vitro. It exhibits RNA chaperone activity and regulates negatively resistance responses to abiotic stresses during seed germination (e.g. salt, dehydration, and low temperature) and seedling growth (e.g. salt). The family also includes Nicotiana sylvestris chloroplastic 33 kDa ribonucleoprotein (NsCP33) and Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplastic 31 kDa ribonucleoprotein (AtCP31A). NsCP33 may be involved in splicing and/or processing of chloroplast RNA's. AtCP31A, also called RNA-binding protein 1/2/3 (AtRBP33), or RNA-binding protein CP31A, or RNA-binding protein RNP-T, or RNA-binding protein cp31, is required for specific RNA editing events in chloroplasts and stabilizes specific chloroplast mRNAs, as well as for normal chloroplast development under cold stress conditions by stabilizing transcripts of numerous mRNAs under these conditions. CP31A may modulate telomere replication through RNA binding domains. Members in this family contain two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains). The model corresponds to the first RRM motif.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 568967989  83 LYIGNLTWWTTDEDLTEAVHSLGVNDILEIKFfeNRANGQSKGFALVGVGSEASSKKLMDLLPKRELHGQ 152
Cdd:cd21609    2 LYVGNIPRNVTSEELAKIFEEAGTVEIAEVMY--DRYTGRSRGFGFVTMGSVEDAKAAIEKLNGTEVGGR 69

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in nucleolin-like proteins mainly from plants; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of a group of plant nucleolin-like proteins, including nucleolin 1 (also termed protein nucleolin like 1) and nucleolin 2 (also termed protein nucleolin like 2, or protein parallel like 1). They play roles in the regulation of ribosome synthesis and in the growth and development of plants. Like yeast nucleolin, nucleolin-like proteins possess two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains).

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 568967989  83 LYIGNLTWWTTDEDLTEAVHSLGvnDILEIKFFENRANGQSKGFALVGVGSEASSKKLMdllpkrELHGQ 152
Cdd:cd12450    2 LFVGNLSWSATQDDLENFFSDCG--EVVDVRIAMDRDDGRSKGFGHVEFASAESAQKAL------EKSGQ 63

RNA recognition motif (RRM) found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae nucleolar protein 6 (Nop6) and similar proteins; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM of Nop6, also known as Ydl213c, a component of 90S pre-ribosomal particles in yeast S. cerevisiae. It is enriched in the nucleolus and is required for 40S ribosomal subunit biogenesis. Nop6 is a non-essential putative RNA-binding protein with two N-terminal putative nuclear localisation sequences (NLS-1 and NLS-2) and an RNA recognition motif (RRM), also termed RBD (RNA binding domain) or RNP (ribonucleoprotein domain). It binds to the pre-rRNA early during transcription and plays an essential role in pre-rRNA processing.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 568967989  83 LYIGNLTWWTTDEDLTEAVHSLGvnDILEIKFFENRANGQSKGFALV 129
Cdd:cd12400    3 LFVGNLPYDTTAEDLKEHFKKAG--EPPSVRLLTDKKTGKSKGCAFV 47

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) found in the c-myc gene single-strand binding proteins (MSSP) family; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM1 of c-myc gene single-strand binding proteins (MSSP) family, including single-stranded DNA-binding protein MSSP-1 (also termed RBMS1 or SCR2) and MSSP-2 (also termed RBMS2 or SCR3). All MSSP family members contain two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), both of which are responsible for the specific DNA binding activity. Both, MSSP-1 and -2, have been identified as protein factors binding to a putative DNA replication origin/transcriptional enhancer sequence present upstream from the human c-myc gene in both single- and double-stranded forms. Thus, they have been implied in regulating DNA replication, transcription, apoptosis induction, and cell-cycle movement, via the interaction with c-MYC, the product of protooncogene c-myc. Moreover, the family includes a new member termed RNA-binding motif, single-stranded-interacting protein 3 (RBMS3), which is not a transcriptional regulator. RBMS3 binds with high affinity to A/U-rich stretches of RNA, and to A/T-rich DNA sequences, and functions as a regulator of cytoplasmic activity. In addition, a putative meiosis-specific RNA-binding protein termed sporulation-specific protein 5 (SPO5, or meiotic RNA-binding protein 1, or meiotically up-regulated gene 12 protein), encoded by Schizosaccharomyces pombe Spo5/Mug12 gene, is also included in this family. SPO5 is a novel meiosis I regulator that may function in the vicinity of the Mei2 dot.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 568967989  83 LYIGNLTWWTTDEDLTEAVHSLGVndILEIKFFENRANGQSKGFALVGVGSEASSKKLMDLLPKRELHGQ 152
Cdd:cd12243    3 VYIRGLPPNTTDEDLLLLCQSFGK--IISTKAIIDKQTNKCKGYGFVDFDSPEAALKAIEGLNGRGVQAS 70

RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) found in vertebrate nucleolin; This subfamily corresponds to the RRM2 of ubiquitously expressed protein nucleolin, also termed protein C23, a multifunctional major nucleolar phosphoprotein that has been implicated in various metabolic processes, such as ribosome biogenesis, cytokinesis, nucleogenesis, cell proliferation and growth, cytoplasmic-nucleolar transport of ribosomal components, transcriptional repression, replication, signal transduction, inducing chromatin decondensation, etc. Nucleolin exhibits intrinsic self-cleaving, DNA helicase, RNA helicase and DNA-dependent ATPase activities. It can be phosphorylated by many protein kinases, such as the major mitotic kinase Cdc2, casein kinase 2 (CK2), and protein kinase C-zeta. Nucleolin shares similar domain architecture with gar2 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe and NSR1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The highly phosphorylated N-terminal domain of nucleolin is made up of highly acidic regions separated from each other by basic sequences, and contains multiple phosphorylation sites. The central domain of nucleolin contains four closely adjacent N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), which suggests that nucleolin is potentially able to interact with multiple RNA targets. The C-terminal RGG (or GAR) domain of nucleolin is rich in glycine, arginine and phenylalanine residues, and contains high levels of NG,NG-dimethylarginines.RRM2, together with RRM1, binds specifically to RNA stem-loops containing the sequence (U/G)CCCG(A/G) in the loop.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 568967989  83 LYIGNLTWWTTDEDLTEAVhslgvNDILEIKFFENRaNGQSKGFALVGVGSEASSKKLMDLLPKRELHGQSPVV 156
Cdd:cd12404    6 LFVKNLPYSTTQDELKEVF-----EDAVDIRIPMGR-DGRSKGIAYIEFKSEAEAEKALEEKQGTEVDGRSIVV 73

RNA recognition motif 1 (RRM1) and 2 (RRM2) found in RNA-binding protein 5 (RBM5) and similar proteins; This subfamily includes the RRM1 and RRM2 of RNA-binding protein 5 (RBM5 or LUCA15 or H37) and RNA-binding protein 10 (RBM10 or S1-1), and the RRM2 of RNA-binding protein 6 (RBM6 or NY-LU-12 or g16 or DEF-3). These RBMs share high sequence homology and may play an important role in regulating apoptosis. RBM5 is a known modulator of apoptosis. It may also act as a tumor suppressor or an RNA splicing factor. RBM6 has been predicted to be a nuclear factor based on its nuclear localization signal. Both, RBM6 and RBM5, specifically bind poly(G) RNA. RBM10 is a paralog of RBM5. It may play an important role in mRNA generation, processing and degradation in several cell types. The rat homolog of human RBM10 is protein S1-1, a hypothetical RNA binding protein with poly(G) and poly(U) binding capabilities. All family members contain two RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), also termed RBDs (RNA binding domains) or RNPs (ribonucleoprotein domains), two C2H2-type zinc fingers, and a G-patch/D111 domain.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 568967989  87 NLTWWTTDEDLTEAVHSLGVNDILEIKFFENRANGQSKGFALVGVGSEASSKKLMDLL 144
Cdd:cd12313    9 GLDVLTTEEDILSALQAHADLPIKDVRLIRDKLTGTSRGFAFVEFSSLEDATQVMDAL 66