Homer/Vesl family proteins EVH1 domain; Homer/Vesl proteins are synaptic scaffolding proteins, required for long-term potentiation, a form of synaptic plasticity thought to underlie memory formation. They contains an N-terminal EVH1 domain and bind to both neurotransmitter receptors, such as the metabotropic group 1 glutamate receptor (mGluR) and to other scaffolding proteins via PPXXF motifs, in order to target them to the synaptic junction. These mGluRs possess a long C-terminal intracellular tail that may be important for subcellular localization of the receptor. The C-terminus is also the site of binding by the immediate early gene (IEG), Homer 1a. In contrast to Homer 1a, other Homer members additionally encode a C-terminal coiled-coil (CC) domain and form multivalent complexes that bind group 1 mGluRs. Homer 1a competes with constitutively expressed CC-Homers to modify the association of group 1 mGluRs with CC-Homer complexes. Since Homer proteins are strikingly enriched at the postsynaptic density (PSD), these observations suggest a role for the Homer family in regulating synaptic metabotropic receptor function. PSD-Zip45 (also named Homer 1c/Vesl-1L) has an EVH1 domain with a longer alpha-helix and its linking part included in the conserved region of Homer 1 (CRH1) interacts with the EVH1 domain of the neighbour CRH1 molecule in the crystal, suggesting that the EVH1 domain recognizes the PPXXF motif found in the binding partners, and the SPLTP sequence (P-motif) in the linking region of the CRH1. The two types of binding are partly overlapped in the EVH1 domain, implying a mechanism to regulate multimerization of Homer 1 family proteins. Homer 2 and Homer 3 are negative regulators of T cell activation. They bind the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and compete with calcineurin binding. NFAT plays a critical role in calcium-dependent signaling in other cell types, including muscle and neurons. Homer-NFAT binding is also antagonized by active serine-threonine kinase AKT, enhancing TCR signaling via calcineurin-dependent dephosphorylation of NFAT resulting in changes in cytokine expression and an increase in effector-memory T cell populations in Homer-deficient mice. The EVH1 domains are part of the PH domain superamily. There are 5 EVH1 subfamilies: Enables/VASP, Homer/Vesl, WASP, Dcp1, and Spred. Ligands are known for three of the EVH1 subfamilies, all of which bind proline-rich sequences: the Enabled/VASP family binds to FPPPP peptides, the Homer/Vesl family binds PPxxF peptides, and the WASP family binds LPPPEP peptides. EVH1 has a PH-like fold, despite having minimal sequence similarity to PH or PTB domains.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 672079629   6 EQPIFSTRAHVFQIDPATKRNWIPAGKHALTVSYFYDATRNVYRIISIGGAKAIINSTVTPNMTFTKTSQKFGQWADSRA 85
Cdd:cd01206    1 EQPIFTTQAHVFQIDPQTKKSWIPASKQAVTVSFFYDSTRNTYRIISVEGSKAIINSTITPNMTFTKTSQKFGQWADSRA 80

                         90       100
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 672079629  86 NTVYGLGFGSEQQLTQFAEKFQEVKEAAR 114
Cdd:cd01206   81 NTVYGLGFASEAELTKFAEKFQEAKEAAK 109

Homer/Vesl family proteins EVH1 domain; Homer/Vesl proteins are synaptic scaffolding proteins, required for long-term potentiation, a form of synaptic plasticity thought to underlie memory formation. They contains an N-terminal EVH1 domain and bind to both neurotransmitter receptors, such as the metabotropic group 1 glutamate receptor (mGluR) and to other scaffolding proteins via PPXXF motifs, in order to target them to the synaptic junction. These mGluRs possess a long C-terminal intracellular tail that may be important for subcellular localization of the receptor. The C-terminus is also the site of binding by the immediate early gene (IEG), Homer 1a. In contrast to Homer 1a, other Homer members additionally encode a C-terminal coiled-coil (CC) domain and form multivalent complexes that bind group 1 mGluRs. Homer 1a competes with constitutively expressed CC-Homers to modify the association of group 1 mGluRs with CC-Homer complexes. Since Homer proteins are strikingly enriched at the postsynaptic density (PSD), these observations suggest a role for the Homer family in regulating synaptic metabotropic receptor function. PSD-Zip45 (also named Homer 1c/Vesl-1L) has an EVH1 domain with a longer alpha-helix and its linking part included in the conserved region of Homer 1 (CRH1) interacts with the EVH1 domain of the neighbour CRH1 molecule in the crystal, suggesting that the EVH1 domain recognizes the PPXXF motif found in the binding partners, and the SPLTP sequence (P-motif) in the linking region of the CRH1. The two types of binding are partly overlapped in the EVH1 domain, implying a mechanism to regulate multimerization of Homer 1 family proteins. Homer 2 and Homer 3 are negative regulators of T cell activation. They bind the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and compete with calcineurin binding. NFAT plays a critical role in calcium-dependent signaling in other cell types, including muscle and neurons. Homer-NFAT binding is also antagonized by active serine-threonine kinase AKT, enhancing TCR signaling via calcineurin-dependent dephosphorylation of NFAT resulting in changes in cytokine expression and an increase in effector-memory T cell populations in Homer-deficient mice. The EVH1 domains are part of the PH domain superamily. There are 5 EVH1 subfamilies: Enables/VASP, Homer/Vesl, WASP, Dcp1, and Spred. Ligands are known for three of the EVH1 subfamilies, all of which bind proline-rich sequences: the Enabled/VASP family binds to FPPPP peptides, the Homer/Vesl family binds PPxxF peptides, and the WASP family binds LPPPEP peptides. EVH1 has a PH-like fold, despite having minimal sequence similarity to PH or PTB domains.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 672079629   6 EQPIFSTRAHVFQIDPATKRNWIPAGKHALTVSYFYDATRNVYRIISIGGAKAIINSTVTPNMTFTKTSQKFGQWADSRA 85
Cdd:cd01206    1 EQPIFTTQAHVFQIDPQTKKSWIPASKQAVTVSFFYDSTRNTYRIISVEGSKAIINSTITPNMTFTKTSQKFGQWADSRA 80

                         90       100
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 672079629  86 NTVYGLGFGSEQQLTQFAEKFQEVKEAAR 114
Cdd:cd01206   81 NTVYGLGFASEAELTKFAEKFQEAKEAAK 109

WASP homology region 1; Region of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) that contains point mutations in the majority of patients with WAS. Unknown function. Ena-like WH1 domains bind polyproline-containing peptides, and that Homer contains a WH1 domain.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 672079629     6 EQPIFSTRAHVFQIDPATKRnWIPAGKH-ALTVSYFYDATRNVYRIISI-GGAKAIINSTVTPNMTFTKTSQKFGQWADs 83
Cdd:smart00461   3 SQCIILARAVVQLYDADTKK-WVPTGEGgAANLVIDKNQRSYFFRIVGIkGQDKVIWNQELYKNFKYNQATPTFHQWAD- 80

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 672079629    84 rANTVYGLGFGSEQQLTQFAEKFQE 108
Cdd:smart00461  81 -DKCVYGLNFASEEEAKKFRKKVLK 104

chromosome segregation protein SMC, common bacterial type; SMC (structural maintenance of chromosomes) proteins bind DNA and act in organizing and segregating chromosomes for partition. SMC proteins are found in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. This family represents the SMC protein of most bacteria. The smc gene is often associated with scpB (TIGR00281) and scpA genes, where scp stands for segregation and condensation protein. SMC was shown (in Caulobacter crescentus) to be induced early in S phase but present and bound to DNA throughout the cell cycle. [Cellular processes, Cell division, DNA metabolism, Chromosome-associated proteins]

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 672079629   219 QRAEAEHLRQRVAELEAQVAaepvragekeatsqsveQLEARVQTKDQEIQTLKNQSTGPREAPDTAEREETQQQVQVGC 298
Cdd:TIGR02168  675 RRREIEELEEKIEELEEKIA-----------------ELEKALAELRKELEELEEELEQLRKELEELSRQISALRKDLAR 737

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 672079629   299 RTSPVRVAPGVEQDLETRNAELEQQLRAMESNLEEARAERERARAEVGRAAQLLDVRLFELSELREGLARL 369
Cdd:TIGR02168  738 LEAEVEQLEERIAQLSKELTELEAEIEELEERLEEAEEELAEAEAEIEELEAQIEQLKEELKALREALDEL 808

Homer/Vesl family proteins EVH1 domain; Homer/Vesl proteins are synaptic scaffolding proteins, required for long-term potentiation, a form of synaptic plasticity thought to underlie memory formation. They contains an N-terminal EVH1 domain and bind to both neurotransmitter receptors, such as the metabotropic group 1 glutamate receptor (mGluR) and to other scaffolding proteins via PPXXF motifs, in order to target them to the synaptic junction. These mGluRs possess a long C-terminal intracellular tail that may be important for subcellular localization of the receptor. The C-terminus is also the site of binding by the immediate early gene (IEG), Homer 1a. In contrast to Homer 1a, other Homer members additionally encode a C-terminal coiled-coil (CC) domain and form multivalent complexes that bind group 1 mGluRs. Homer 1a competes with constitutively expressed CC-Homers to modify the association of group 1 mGluRs with CC-Homer complexes. Since Homer proteins are strikingly enriched at the postsynaptic density (PSD), these observations suggest a role for the Homer family in regulating synaptic metabotropic receptor function. PSD-Zip45 (also named Homer 1c/Vesl-1L) has an EVH1 domain with a longer alpha-helix and its linking part included in the conserved region of Homer 1 (CRH1) interacts with the EVH1 domain of the neighbour CRH1 molecule in the crystal, suggesting that the EVH1 domain recognizes the PPXXF motif found in the binding partners, and the SPLTP sequence (P-motif) in the linking region of the CRH1. The two types of binding are partly overlapped in the EVH1 domain, implying a mechanism to regulate multimerization of Homer 1 family proteins. Homer 2 and Homer 3 are negative regulators of T cell activation. They bind the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and compete with calcineurin binding. NFAT plays a critical role in calcium-dependent signaling in other cell types, including muscle and neurons. Homer-NFAT binding is also antagonized by active serine-threonine kinase AKT, enhancing TCR signaling via calcineurin-dependent dephosphorylation of NFAT resulting in changes in cytokine expression and an increase in effector-memory T cell populations in Homer-deficient mice. The EVH1 domains are part of the PH domain superamily. There are 5 EVH1 subfamilies: Enables/VASP, Homer/Vesl, WASP, Dcp1, and Spred. Ligands are known for three of the EVH1 subfamilies, all of which bind proline-rich sequences: the Enabled/VASP family binds to FPPPP peptides, the Homer/Vesl family binds PPxxF peptides, and the WASP family binds LPPPEP peptides. EVH1 has a PH-like fold, despite having minimal sequence similarity to PH or PTB domains.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 672079629   6 EQPIFSTRAHVFQIDPATKRNWIPAGKHALTVSYFYDATRNVYRIISIGGAKAIINSTVTPNMTFTKTSQKFGQWADSRA 85
Cdd:cd01206    1 EQPIFTTQAHVFQIDPQTKKSWIPASKQAVTVSFFYDSTRNTYRIISVEGSKAIINSTITPNMTFTKTSQKFGQWADSRA 80

                         90       100
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 672079629  86 NTVYGLGFGSEQQLTQFAEKFQEVKEAAR 114
Cdd:cd01206   81 NTVYGLGFASEAELTKFAEKFQEAKEAAK 109

EVH1 (Drosophila Enabled (Ena)/Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) homology 1) domain; The EVH1 domains are part of the PH domain superfamily. EVH1 subfamilies include Enables/VASP, Homer/Vesl, WASP, and Spred. Ligands are known for three of the EVH1 subfamilies, all of which bind proline-rich sequences: the Enabled/VASP family binds to FPPPP peptides, the Homer/Vesl family binds PPxxF peptides, and the WASP family binds LPPPEP peptides. EVH1 has a PH-like fold, despite having minimal sequence similarity to PH or PTB domains.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 672079629   8 PIFSTRAHVFQIDPATKrNWIPA-GKHALTVSYFYDATRNVYRIISIGGA--KAIINSTVTPNMTFTKTSQKFGQWADSR 84
Cdd:cd00837    1 SIFSARAHVMQIDDSNK-NWVPAgGKGASRVSYFKDTTRNSFRIIGVDIKdkKVVINCTITKNLVYNKATQTFHQWADDR 79

                         90       100
                 ....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 672079629  85 anTVYGLGFGSEQQLTQFAEKFQEVK 110
Cdd:cd00837   80 --TVFGLNFASEEDATKFAEAVQEAL 103

Enabled/VASP family EVH1 domain; Ena/VASP family includes proteins such as: Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), enabled gene product from Drosophila (Ena), mammalian enabled (Mena) and Ena/VASP-Like protein (EVL) localize to focal adhesions and to sites of actin filament dynamics. These proteins share a common modular organization with a highly conserved N- and C-terminal domains, termed Ena/VASP homology domains 1 and 2 (EVH1 and EVH2), that are separated by a central proline-rich domain. The EVH1 domain binds to other proteins at proline rich sequences. The majority of Ena-VASP type EVH1 domains recognize FPPPP motifs such as in the focal adhesion proteins zyxin and vinculin, and the ActA surface protein of Listeria monocytogenes, however the LIM3 domain of Tes lacks the FPPPP motif but still binds the EVH1 domain of Mena. It has a PH-like fold, despite having minimal sequence similarity to PH or PTB domains. EVH2 mediates oligomerization within the family. The proline-rich region binds SH3 and WW domains as well as profilin, a protein that regulates actin filament dynamics. The EVH1 domains are part of the PH domain superamily. There are 5 EVH1 subfamilies: Enables/VASP, Homer/Vesl, WASP, Dcp1, and Spred. Ligands are known for three of the EVH1 subfamilies, all of which bind proline-rich sequences: the Enabled/VASP family binds to FPPPP peptides, the Homer/Vesl family binds PPxxF peptides, and the WASP family binds LPPPEP peptides. EVH1 has a PH-like fold, despite having minimal sequence similarity to PH or PTB domains.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 672079629   8 PIFSTRAHVFQIDPATKRnWIPAG-KHALTVSYFYDATR-NVYRIIsigGAKA-----IINSTVTPNMTFTKTSQKFGQW 80
Cdd:cd01207    1 SVASARASVMVYDDENKR-WVPSGgSQGLSRVQIYHNTRnNTFRVV---GRKLqdhevVINCAILKGLKYNQATPTFHQW 76

                         90       100
                 ....*....|....*....|...
gi 672079629  81 ADSRanTVYGLGFGSEQQLTQFA 103
Cdd:cd01207   77 RDAR--QVYGLNFASKEEATEFA 97

Chromosome segregation ATPase Smc [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning];

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 672079629 166 ERERLKKMLSEGSVGEVQWEAEFFALQDSNQRLAGALREANAAATQWRQQLEVQRAEAEHLRQRVAELEAQVAAEPVRAG 245
Cdd:COG1196  275 ELEELELELEEAQAEEYELLAELARLEQDIARLEERRRELEERLEELEEELAELEEELEELEEELEELEEELEEAEEELE 354

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 672079629 246 EKEATSQSVEQLEARVQTKDQEIQTLKNQSTGPREAPDTAEREETQQQVQVGcrtspvrvapGVEQDLETRNAELEQQLR 325
Cdd:COG1196  355 EAEAELAEAEEALLEAEAELAEAEEELEELAEELLEALRAAAELAAQLEELE----------EAEEALLERLERLEEELE 424

                        170       180       190       200
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 672079629 326 AMESNLEEARAERERARAEVGRAAQLLDVRLFELSELREGLARLAEAA 373
Cdd:COG1196  425 ELEEALAELEEEEEEEEEALEEAAEEEAELEEEEEALLELLAELLEEA 472

chromosome segregation protein SMC, common bacterial type; SMC (structural maintenance of chromosomes) proteins bind DNA and act in organizing and segregating chromosomes for partition. SMC proteins are found in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. This family represents the SMC protein of most bacteria. The smc gene is often associated with scpB (TIGR00281) and scpA genes, where scp stands for segregation and condensation protein. SMC was shown (in Caulobacter crescentus) to be induced early in S phase but present and bound to DNA throughout the cell cycle. [Cellular processes, Cell division, DNA metabolism, Chromosome-associated proteins]

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 672079629   219 QRAEAEHLRQRVAELEAQVAaepvragekeatsqsveQLEARVQTKDQEIQTLKNQSTGPREAPDTAEREETQQQVQVGC 298
Cdd:TIGR02168  675 RRREIEELEEKIEELEEKIA-----------------ELEKALAELRKELEELEEELEQLRKELEELSRQISALRKDLAR 737

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 672079629   299 RTSPVRVAPGVEQDLETRNAELEQQLRAMESNLEEARAERERARAEVGRAAQLLDVRLFELSELREGLARL 369
Cdd:TIGR02168  738 LEAEVEQLEERIAQLSKELTELEAEIEELEERLEEAEEELAEAEAEIEELEAQIEQLKEELKALREALDEL 808