Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Homology (WASP) region 2 (WH2 motif), and similar proteins; This family contains the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP)-homology domain 2 (WH2) as well as thymosin-beta (Tbeta; also called beta-thymosin or betaT) domains that are small, widespread intrinsically disordered actin-binding peptides displaying significant sequence variability and different regulations of actin self-assembly in motile and morphogenetic processes. These WH2/betaT peptides are identified by a central consensus actin-binding motif LKKT/V flanked by variable N-terminal and C-terminal extensions; the betaT shares a more extended and conserved C-terminal half than WH2. These single or repeated domains are found in actin-binding proteins (ABPs) such as the hematopoietic-specific protein WASP, its ubiquitously expressed ortholog neural-WASP (N-WASP), WASP-interacting protein (WAS/WASL-interacting protein family members 1 and 2), and WASP-family verprolin homologous protein (WAVE/SCAR) isoforms: WAVE1, WAVE2, and WAVE3. Also included are the WH2 domains found in inverted formin FH2 domain-containing protein (INF2), Cordon bleu (Cobl) protein, vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) homology protein and actobindin (found in amoebae). These ABPs are commonly multidomain proteins that contain signaling domains and structurally conserved actin-binding motifs, the most important being the WH2 domain motif through which they bind actin in order to direct the location, rate, and timing for actin assembly in the cell into different structures, such as filopodia, lamellipodia, stress fibers, and focal adhesions. The WH2 domain motif is one of the most abundant actin-binding motifs in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome proteins (WASPs) where they activate Arp2/3-dependent actin nucleation and branching in response to signals mediated by Rho-family GTPases. The thymosin beta (Tbeta) domains in metazoans act in cells as major actin-sequestering peptides; their complex with monomeric ATP-actin (G-ATP-actin) cannot polymerize at either filament (F-actin) end.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1958670160 437 ISDARSDLLAAIRMGIQLKKVQEQREQEAKREPVGNDVATILSRRIAVEYSDSDDDSEFDENDWSD 502
Cdd:cd22073     1 ISDARSDLLAAIRMGIQLKKVQEQREQEAKREPVGNDVATILSRRIAVEYSDSEDESEFDENDWSD 66

Wiskott Aldrich syndrome homology region 2 (WH2 motif) found in Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein Family Member 3 (WASP-3 or WAVE3); This family contains the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP)-homology domain 2 (WH2) found in the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) relative WAVE 3 (also called WASP-family verprolin homologous protein 3 or WASF3 or SCAR3 or WAVE3). WAVE3 is a downstream effector protein involved in the transmission of signals from tyrosine kinase receptors and small GTPases to the actin cytoskeleton. It plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization and is required in the control of cell shape. It forms a hetero-pentameric WAVE regulatory complex (WRC) with additional proteins in the cell (Sra1/Cyfip1, Nap1/Hem-2, Abi and HSPC300) that regulates actin filament reorganization via its interaction with the actin related protein (Arp)2/3 complex. The WRC is stimulated by the Rac GTPase, kinases and phosphatidylinositols, and binds and activates the Arp2/3 complex via WAVE3 C-terminal domain. It interacts with actin via the WH2 domain. This actin polymerization process is also involved in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. WASF3 has been shown to have a central role in cancer cell invasion and metastasis; elevated WAVE3 expression promotes metastasis in breast cancer and inactivation of WAVE3 in highly metastatic breast cancer cells has been shown to suppress invasion and metastasis. WAVE3 may also be pivotal in ovarian cancer cell motility, invasion and oncogenesis. In gastric cancer patients, WAVE3 expression correlates with poor outcome. In pancreatic cancer tissues, expression is prominently higher that in normal tissues and may be associated with lymphatic metastasis and poorly differentiated tumors; findings suggest that WAVE3 influences cell proliferation, migration and invasion via the AKT pathway.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1958670160 437 ISDARSDLLAAIRMGIQLKKVQEQREQEAKREPVGNDVATILSRRIAVEYSDSDDDSEFDENDWSD 502
Cdd:cd22073     1 ISDARSDLLAAIRMGIQLKKVQEQREQEAKREPVGNDVATILSRRIAVEYSDSEDESEFDENDWSD 66

Wiskott Aldrich syndrome homology region 2; Wiskott Aldrich syndrome homology region 2 / actin-binding motif

                           10
                   ....*....|....*...
gi 1958670160  440 ARSDLLAAIRMGIQLKKV 457
Cdd:smart00246   1 ARSALLAQIRQGKKLKKV 18

Wiskott Aldrich syndrome homology region 2 (WH2 motif) found in Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein Family Member 3 (WASP-3 or WAVE3); This family contains the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP)-homology domain 2 (WH2) found in the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) relative WAVE 3 (also called WASP-family verprolin homologous protein 3 or WASF3 or SCAR3 or WAVE3). WAVE3 is a downstream effector protein involved in the transmission of signals from tyrosine kinase receptors and small GTPases to the actin cytoskeleton. It plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization and is required in the control of cell shape. It forms a hetero-pentameric WAVE regulatory complex (WRC) with additional proteins in the cell (Sra1/Cyfip1, Nap1/Hem-2, Abi and HSPC300) that regulates actin filament reorganization via its interaction with the actin related protein (Arp)2/3 complex. The WRC is stimulated by the Rac GTPase, kinases and phosphatidylinositols, and binds and activates the Arp2/3 complex via WAVE3 C-terminal domain. It interacts with actin via the WH2 domain. This actin polymerization process is also involved in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. WASF3 has been shown to have a central role in cancer cell invasion and metastasis; elevated WAVE3 expression promotes metastasis in breast cancer and inactivation of WAVE3 in highly metastatic breast cancer cells has been shown to suppress invasion and metastasis. WAVE3 may also be pivotal in ovarian cancer cell motility, invasion and oncogenesis. In gastric cancer patients, WAVE3 expression correlates with poor outcome. In pancreatic cancer tissues, expression is prominently higher that in normal tissues and may be associated with lymphatic metastasis and poorly differentiated tumors; findings suggest that WAVE3 influences cell proliferation, migration and invasion via the AKT pathway.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1958670160 437 ISDARSDLLAAIRMGIQLKKVQEQREQEAKREPVGNDVATILSRRIAVEYSDSDDDSEFDENDWSD 502
Cdd:cd22073     1 ISDARSDLLAAIRMGIQLKKVQEQREQEAKREPVGNDVATILSRRIAVEYSDSEDESEFDENDWSD 66

Wiskott Aldrich syndrome homology region 2 (WH2 motif) found in Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein Family members 1 (WASP1 or WAVE1), 2 (WASP2 or WAVE2) and 3 (WASP3 or WAVE3); This family contains the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP)-homology domain 2 (WH2) found in three Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) family verprolin homologous protein (SCAR/WAVE) isoforms: WAVE1, WAVE2, and WAVE3. Members of this family activate actin related protein (Arp)2/3-dependent actin nucleation and branching in response to signals mediated by Rho-family GTPases. The domain structure of these proteins varies, reflecting different modes of regulation; however, they all share a common C-terminal WH2 region which constitutes the smallest fragment necessary for Arp2/3 activation. These proteins interact with actin via their WH2 domain.

                          10        20
                  ....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1958670160 437 ISDARSDLLAAIRMGIQLKKVQEQREQE 464
Cdd:cd22057     1 VTDPRSDLLSAIREGIKLRKVEKQEEKE 28

WH2 motif; The WH2 motif (for Wiskott Aldrich syndrome homology region 2) has been shown in WASP and Scar1 (mammalian homolog) to be the region that interacts with actin.

                          10        20
                  ....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1958670160 437 ISDARSDLLAAIRMGIQLKKVQEQREQE 464
Cdd:pfam02205   1 GGGGRGALLADIRAGKKLKKVEETNDRS 28

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Homology (WASP) region 2 (WH2 motif) domain found in Actin cytoskeleton-regulatory complex protein Pan1, and similar proteins; This family contains the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP)-homology domain 2 (WH2) found in actin cytoskeleton-regulatory complex protein Pan1, and similar proteins. Pan1 actin cytoskeleton-regulatory complex is a multi-domain scaffold that is required for the internalization of endosomes during actin-coupled endocytosis. It links the site of endocytosis to the cell membrane-associated actin cytoskeleton. Pan1 mediates uptake of external molecules and vacuolar degradation of plasma membrane proteins, may play a role in the proper organization of the cell membrane-associated actin cytoskeleton, and promotes its destabilization.

                          10        20
                  ....*....|....*....|
gi 1958670160 439 DARSDLLAAIRMGIQLKKVQ 458
Cdd:cd22070     3 DGRGALLASIRAGKQLRKVQ 22