Prevalence of Albuminuria and Decreased Glomerular Filtration Rate in Adults Age ≥20 Years With Diabetes, by Race and Ethnicity and Time Period, U.S., 1988–2020
| RACE AND ETHNICITY, TIME PERIOD | ALBUMINURIA | DECREASED EGFR | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N* | Unadjusted Prevalence (% [95% CI]) | Adjusted Ratio (95% CI)† | P for Trend | N* | Unadjusted Prevalence (% [95% CI]) | Adjusted Ratio (95% CI)† | P for Trend | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 0.16 | <0.001 | ||||||
| 1988–1994 | 644 | 30.9 (26.3–35.9) | 1.0 | 655 | 13.5 (11.0–16.5) | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | ||
| 1999–2004 | 703 | 27.6 (25.2–30.1) | 0.8 (0.7–1.1) | 687 | 16.2 (13.7–19.2) | 1.4 (1.0–2.1) | ||
| 2005–2010 | 937 | 24.9 (22.5–27.5) | 0.7 (0.6–1.0) | 929 | 17.4 (14.9–20.2) | 1.5 (1.0–2.1) | ||
| 2011–2016 | 793 | 25.5 (21.8–29.7) | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) | 787 | 19.4 (17.2–21.8) | 1.9 (1.4–2.6) | ||
| 2017–2020 | 472 | 25.6 (20.7–31.3) | 0.8 (0.5–1.1) | 472 | 15.8 (12.5–19.7) | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | ||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 0.42 | 0.05 | ||||||
| 1988–1994 | 567 | 33.3 (30.0–36.8) | 1.0 | 546 | 17.0 (14.1–20.5) | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | ||
| 1999–2004 | 403 | 34.1 (29.7–38.9) | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 395 | 23.0 (19.3–27.1) | 1.6 (1.1–2.4) | ||
| 2005–2010 | 657 | 30.6 (26.3–35.3) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 607 | 22.8 (18.7–27.6) | 1.6 (1.0–2.3) | ||
| 2011–2016 | 716 | 30.6 (27.4–34.0) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 686 | 22.3 (19.4–25.5) | 1.5 (1.1–2.2) | ||
| 2017–2020 | 461 | 35.0 (30.7–39.5) | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | 430 | 20.9 (17.4–25.0) | 1.2 (0.9–1.8) | ||
| Mexican American | 0.35 | 0.55 | ||||||
| 1988–1994 | 549 | 30.0 (25.5–34.8) | 1.0 | 546 | 5.4 (3.6–8.0) | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | ||
| 1999–2004 | 495 | 33.8 (28.6–39.3) | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 484 | 7.0 (4.9–10.0) | 1.4 (0.8–2.3) | ||
| 2005–2010 | 501 | 35.3 (30.8–40.0) | 1.2 (0.9–1.7) | 498 | 7.8 (5.6–10.7) | 1.3 (0.8–2.2) | ||
| 2011–2016 | 466 | 29.0 (23.9–34.7) | 0.9 (0.7–1.3) | 461 | 8.8 (6.2–12.3) | 1.7 (0.9–3.1) | ||
| 2017–2020 | 220 | 34.0 (28.0–40.7) | 1.2 (0.8–1.7) | 214 | 7.6 (4.7–12.0) | 1.5 (0.7–2.9) | ||
Albuminuria is defined as albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) ≥30 mg/g; decreased eGFR is defined as <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 using the CKD-EPI 2021 equation. Diabetes is defined as self-report, A1C ≥6.5%, or fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dL. Conversion formulas for A1C and glucose values are available in the Conversions section. A1C, glycated hemoglobin; CI, confidence interval; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Unweighted number of NHANES participants with diabetes
Adjusted for age, sex, and race and ethnicity
SOURCE: NHANES III (1988–1994) and NHANES 1999–2020
From: Kidney Disease and Diabetes
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