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Muconate Lactonizing Enzyme (MLE), an homooctameric enzyme, catalyses the conversion of cis,cis-muconate (CCM) to muconolactone (ML) in the catechol branch of the beta-ketoadipate pathway. This pathway is used in soil microbes to breakdown lignin-derived aromatics, catechol and protocatechuate, to citric acid cycle intermediates. Some bacterial species are also capable of dehalogenating chloroaromatic compounds by the action of chloromuconate lactonizing enzymes (Cl-MLEs). MLEs are members of the enolase superfamily characterized by the presence of an enolate anion intermediate which is generated by abstraction of the alpha-proton of the carboxylate substrate by an active site residue and that is stabilized by coordination to the essential Mg2+ ion.
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Jiyao W et al.(2023). "The conserved domain database in 2023.",