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Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) HDAC3 is a Zn-dependent class I histone deacetylase that catalyzes hydrolysis of N(6)-acetyl-lysine residue of a histone to yield a deacetylated histone (EC 3.5.1.98). Histone acetylation/deacetylation process is important for mediation of transcriptional regulation of many genes. In order to target specific chromatin regions, HDAC3 can interact with DNA-binding proteins (transcriptional factors) either directly or after forming complexes with a number of other proteins, as observed for the SMPT/N-CoR complex which recruits human HDAC3 to specific chromatin loci and activates deacetylation. Human HDAC3 is also involved in deacetylation of non-histone substrates such as RelA, SPY and p53 factors. This protein can also down-regulate p53 function and subsequently modulate cell growth and apoptosis. This gene is therefore regarded as a potential tumor suppressor gene. HDAC3 plays a role in various physiological processes, including subcellular protein localization, cell cycle progression, cell differentiation, apoptosis and survival. HDAC3 has been found to be overexpressed in some tumors including leukemia, lung carcinoma, colon cancer and maxillary carcinoma. Thus, inhibitors precisely targeting HDAC3 (in some cases together with retinoic acid or hyperthermia) could be a therapeutic drug option. |
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