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Type III secretion needle MxiH, YscF, SsaG, EprI, PscF, EscF Type III secretion systems are essential virulence determinants for many gram-negative bacterial pathogens. MxiH is an extracellular alpha helical needle that is required for translocation of effector proteins into host cells. Once inside, the effector proteins subvert normal cell function to aid infection. The needle protein F, polymerizes to form a shaft.
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Jiyao W et al.(2023). "The conserved domain database in 2023.",