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selenium donor protein In prokaryotes, the incorporation of selenocysteine as the 21st amino acid, encoded by TGA, requires several elements: SelC is the tRNA itself, SelD acts as a donor of reduced selenium, SelA modifies a serine residue on SelC into selenocysteine, and SelB is a selenocysteine-specific translation elongation factor. 3-prime or 5-prime non-coding elements of mRNA have been found as probable structures for directing selenocysteine incorporation. This model describes SelD, known as selenophosphate synthetase, selenium donor protein, and selenide,water dikinase. SelD provides reduced selenium for the selenium transferase SelA. This protein itself contains selenocysteine in many species; any sequence scoring well but not aligning to the beginning of the model is likely to have a selenocysteine residue incorrectly interpreted as a stop codon upstream of the given sequence. The SelD protein also provides selenophosphate for the enzyme tRNA 2-selenouridine synthase, which catalyzes a tRNA base modification. It also contributes to selenium incorporation by selenium-dependent molybdenum hydroxylases (SDMH), in genomes with the marker TIGR03309. All genomes with SelD should make selenocysteine, selenouridine, SDMH, or some combination. |
Jiyao W et al.(2023). "The conserved domain database in 2023.",