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    PRLR prolactin receptor [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 5618, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    PRLRprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    prolactin receptorprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:9446
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000113494 MIM:176761; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9446
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    HPRL; MFAB; hPRLrI; RI-PRLR
    Summary
    This gene encodes a receptor for the anterior pituitary hormone, prolactin, and belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Prolactin-dependent signaling occurs as the result of ligand-induced dimerization of the prolactin receptor. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different membrane-bound and soluble isoforms have been described for this gene, which may function to modulate the endocrine and autocrine effects of prolactin in normal tissue and cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]
    Expression
    Biased expression in placenta (RPKM 18.9), endometrium (RPKM 11.6) and 8 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See PRLR in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    5p13.2
    Exon count:
    16
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 5 NC_000005.10 (35048756..35230487, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 5 NC_060929.1 (35295805..35484954, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 5 NC_000005.9 (35048861..35230589, complement)

    Chromosome 5 - NC_000005.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124900961 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 15967 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 15968 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 15969 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:34930148-34930793 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr5:34955801-34955974 Neighboring gene DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C21 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22470 Neighboring gene alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:35089574-35090075 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr5:35117544-35118743 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 5567 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak5224 silencer Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:35332547-35333118 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 11164 Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA U3 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr5:35618008-35618815 Neighboring gene RNA, U7 small nuclear 130 pseudogene Neighboring gene sperm flagellar 2

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    General gene information

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables cytokine binding  
    enables lipid binding PubMed 
    enables lipid binding PubMed 
    enables metal ion binding  
    enables peptide hormone binding  
    enables peptide hormone binding PubMed 
    enables prolactin receptor activity  
    enables prolactin receptor activity PubMed 
    enables protein binding PubMed 
    enables protein kinase binding  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in activation of Janus kinase activity PubMed 
    involved_in activation of transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity PubMed 
    involved_in cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT  
    involved_in cellular response to granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus  
    involved_in cytokine-mediated signaling pathway  
    involved_in embryo implantation PubMed 
    involved_in lactation  
    involved_in mammary gland alveolus development  
    involved_in mammary gland epithelial cell differentiation  
    involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of B cell proliferation  
    involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation  
    involved_in positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis PubMed 
    involved_in prolactin signaling pathway  
    involved_in prostate gland growth  
    involved_in regulation of cell adhesion  
    involved_in regulation of epithelial cell differentiation  
    involved_in response to bacterium  
    involved_in steroid biosynthetic process PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cell surface PubMed 
    located_in endosome lumen  
    is_active_in external side of plasma membrane  
    located_in extracellular region  
    located_in plasma membrane  
    part_of receptor complex  

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    prolactin receptor
    Names
    hPRL receptor
    secreted prolactin binding protein

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_029042.2 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5235..180020
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_000949.7 → NP_000940.1  prolactin receptor isoform 1 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000940.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript, and encodes the longest isoform (1, also known as long form).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC010368, AI079645, AK313270, BP357907, KF573643
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS3909.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2R882, D1MDP1, P16471, Q16354, Q8TD75, Q8TD78, Q96P35, Q96P36, Q9BX87, Q9UHJ5
      Related
      ENSP00000482954.1, ENST00000618457.5
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd00063
      Location:127 → 225
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
      pfam12772
      Location:286 → 362
      GHBP; Growth hormone receptor binding
      cl21522
      Location:24 → 120
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
    2. NM_001204314.2 → NP_001191243.1  prolactin receptor isoform 6 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001191243.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (6) lacks two in-frame coding exons compared to variant 1. This results in a shorter isoform (6, also known as deltaS1) missing an internal protein segment coding for the S1 motif, compared to isoform 1. This isoform has been shown to be expressed at the protein level on the cell surface, and is functional (PMID:12351696).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC010368, AF349939, AI079645, DA640476, KF573643
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS56358.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P16471
      Related
      ENSP00000482689.1, ENST00000620785.4
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00063
      Location:26 → 124
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
      pfam12772
      Location:185 → 261
      GHBP; Growth hormone receptor binding
    3. NM_001204315.1 → NP_001191244.1  prolactin receptor isoform 2 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001191244.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) is alternatively spliced at the 3' end compared to variant 1. This results in a frame-shift and a shorter isoform (2, also known as intermediate form) with a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1. This isoform is functional, but has different tissue specific expression and signaling pattern from isoform 1 (PMID:10585417).
      Source sequence(s)
      AF166329, M31661
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS56362.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P16471
      Related
      ENSP00000484768.1, ENST00000619676.4
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00063
      Location:127 → 225
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
      cl21522
      Location:24 → 120
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
    4. NM_001204316.1 → NP_001191245.1  prolactin receptor isoform 3 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001191245.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) contains an alternate 3' terminal exon compared to variant 1. This results in a frame-shift and a shorter isoform (3, also known as SF1a for short form 1a) with a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1. This isoform is functional with a dominant-negative effect on the function of isoform 1 (PMID:12580759).
      Source sequence(s)
      AF416619, M31661
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS56361.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P16471
      Related
      ENSP00000441813.2, ENST00000542609.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00063
      Location:127 → 225
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
      cl21522
      Location:24 → 120
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
    5. NM_001204317.1 → NP_001191246.1  prolactin receptor isoform 4 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001191246.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) is missing an exon at the 3' end, and contains an alternate 3' terminal exon compared to variant 1. This results in a frame-shift and a shorter isoform (4, also known as SF1b for short form 1b) with a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1. This isoform is functional with a strong dominant-negative effect on the function of isoform 1 (PMID:12580759).
      Source sequence(s)
      AF416618, M31661
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS56360.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P16471
      Related
      ENSP00000425300.2, ENST00000509140.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00063
      Location:127 → 225
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
      cl21522
      Location:24 → 120
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
    6. NM_001204318.1 → NP_001191247.1  prolactin receptor isoform 5 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001191247.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) is missing 3 consecutive exons, and contains an alternate 3' terminal exon compared to variant 1. This results in a frame-shift and a shorter isoform (5, also known as delta 7/11) with a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1. This isoform, lacking a transmembrane domain, but containing a complete extracellular binding domain, was shown to be a secreted, prolactin-binding protein (PMID:12580759).
      Source sequence(s)
      AF416619, M31661
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS56359.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P16471
      Related
      ENSP00000422935.2, ENST00000514088.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00063
      Location:127 → 225
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
      cl21522
      Location:24 → 120
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...

    RNA

    1. NR_037910.1 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (7) lacks two non-consecutive exons, and contains an alternate 3' terminal exon compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders this transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      AF416619, AF493069, M31661
      Related
      ENST00000618625.4

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000005.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      35048756..35230487 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_024446131.2 → XP_024301899.1  prolactin receptor isoform X1

      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd00063
      Location:161 → 259
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
      pfam12772
      Location:320 → 396
      GHBP; Growth hormone receptor binding
      cl21522
      Location:58 → 154
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
    2. XM_047417388.1 → XP_047273344.1  prolactin receptor isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2R882, D1MDP1, P16471, Q16354, Q8TD75, Q8TD78, Q96P35, Q96P36, Q9BX87, Q9UHJ5
    3. XM_011514068.3 → XP_011512370.1  prolactin receptor isoform X2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011512370.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2R882, D1MDP1, P16471, Q16354, Q8TD75, Q8TD78, Q96P35, Q96P36, Q9BX87, Q9UHJ5
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd00063
      Location:127 → 225
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
      pfam12772
      Location:286 → 362
      GHBP; Growth hormone receptor binding
      cl21522
      Location:24 → 120
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
    4. XM_047417390.1 → XP_047273346.1  prolactin receptor isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2R882, D1MDP1, P16471, Q16354, Q8TD75, Q8TD78, Q96P35, Q96P36, Q9BX87, Q9UHJ5
    5. XM_006714484.3 → XP_006714547.1  prolactin receptor isoform X2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006714547.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2R882, D1MDP1, P16471, Q16354, Q8TD75, Q8TD78, Q96P35, Q96P36, Q9BX87, Q9UHJ5
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd00063
      Location:127 → 225
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
      pfam12772
      Location:286 → 362
      GHBP; Growth hormone receptor binding
      cl21522
      Location:24 → 120
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
    6. XM_047417391.1 → XP_047273347.1  prolactin receptor isoform X3

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060929.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      35295805..35484954 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054352937.1 → XP_054208912.1  prolactin receptor isoform X1

    2. XM_054352938.1 → XP_054208913.1  prolactin receptor isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2R882, D1MDP1, P16471, Q16354, Q8TD75, Q8TD78, Q96P35, Q96P36, Q9BX87, Q9UHJ5
    3. XM_054352940.1 → XP_054208915.1  prolactin receptor isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2R882, D1MDP1, P16471, Q16354, Q8TD75, Q8TD78, Q96P35, Q96P36, Q9BX87, Q9UHJ5
    4. XM_054352939.1 → XP_054208914.1  prolactin receptor isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2R882, D1MDP1, P16471, Q16354, Q8TD75, Q8TD78, Q96P35, Q96P36, Q9BX87, Q9UHJ5
    5. XM_054352941.1 → XP_054208916.1  prolactin receptor isoform X3

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