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    PRKCG protein kinase C gamma [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 5582, updated on 3-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    PRKCGprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    protein kinase C gammaprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:9402
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000126583 MIM:176980; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9402
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    PKCC; PKCG; SCA14; PKCI(3); PKCgamma; PKC-gamma
    Summary
    Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium and second messenger diacylglycerol. PKC family members phosphorylate a wide variety of protein targets and are known to be involved in diverse cellular signaling pathways. PKC also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. Each member of the PKC family has a specific expression profile and is believed to play distinct roles in cells. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the PKC family members. This protein kinase is expressed solely in the brain and spinal cord and its localization is restricted to neurons. It has been demonstrated that several neuronal functions, including long term potentiation (LTP) and long term depression (LTD), specifically require this kinase. Knockout studies in mice also suggest that this kinase may be involved in neuropathic pain development. Defects in this protein have been associated with neurodegenerative disorder spinocerebellar ataxia-14 (SCA14). Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]
    Expression
    Biased expression in brain (RPKM 15.6) and testis (RPKM 1.4) See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See PRKCG in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    19q13.42
    Exon count:
    20
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 19 NC_000019.10 (53881094..53907652)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 19 NC_060943.1 (56960799..56987358)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 19 NC_000019.9 (54385451..54410906)

    Chromosome 19 - NC_000019.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54300296-54300796 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54301378-54301878 Neighboring gene NLR family pyrin domain containing 12 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54332809-54333578 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54334349-54335116 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54335887-54336656 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54337427-54338194 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54339735-54340504 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54342811-54343580 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54343581-54344348 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54361270-54361770 Neighboring gene MYADM antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54369942-54370917 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54372027-54372940 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54372941-54373854 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54385903-54386454 Neighboring gene myeloid associated differentiation marker Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54395841-54396380 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 4174 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54410617-54411158 Neighboring gene calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit gamma 7 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak3551 silencer Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54460576-54461110 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54463321-54464221 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54465032-54465552 Neighboring gene calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit gamma 8 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:54483237-54483769 Neighboring gene microRNA 935

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 gp120 activates forward trafficking and surface clustering of NMDA receptors in membrane microdomains by a PKA-dependent phosphorylation of the NR1 C-terminal Ser897, followed by a PKC-dependent phosphorylation of Ser896 PubMed
    env Down modulation of the interaction between HIV-1 gp120 and CD4 by TPA is blocked by protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors, suggesting PKC may play an important role in HIV-1 infection PubMed
    env c-FLIPL inhibits Bax activation via modulating PKC expression at the transcriptional level involving AP-2 during gp120 treatment PubMed
    env Pre-treatment of endothelial cells with fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) protects cells from HIV-1 gp120 angiotoxicity; this protection is regulated by crosstalk among the ERK, PI3K-AKT and PKC signaling pathways PubMed
    env HIV-1 gp120 increases the levels of calcium-dependent and -independent PKC isozymes; the most striking change is observed in PKC-zeta isozyme levels PubMed
    env Induction of apoptosis in cell cultures through binding of HIV-1 gp120 or gp160 to CXCR4 involves protein kinase C, basic fibroblast growth factor, caspase-3, and the pro-apoptotic molecule Bax PubMed
    env A specific interaction between CD4 and HIV-1 gp120 is required for phosphorylation of CD4, which could involve protein kinase C PubMed
    env IL-16 induces rapid translocation of PKC from the cytosol to the membrane in CD4+ cells; PKC inhibitors completely block IL-16-induced lymphocyte migration as well as the motile response induced by HIV-1 gp120 and anti-CD4 antibody binding to CD4 PubMed
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor env HIV-1 gp160-induced AP-1 complex formation is dependent upon protein tyrosine phosphorylation and is abolished by inhibitors of protein kinase C, but it is unaffected by calcium channel blockers or cyclosporine A PubMed
    Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env A synthetic peptide corresponding to cytoplasmic domain residues 828-848 of HIV-1 gp41 inhibits pKC-catalysed phosphorylation of a protein substrate PubMed
    env A synthetic peptide containing residues 581-597 from HIV-1 gp41 inhibits protein kinase C (pkC)-mediated phosphorylation of the CD3 gamma-chain in intact cells and directly inhibits partially purified pkC PubMed
    Tat tat Phospholipase C/protein kinase C signaling pathway-dependent phosphorylation of p44/42 and JNK MAP kinases participates partially in IL-1beta induction by TAT PubMed
    tat Protein kinase C is required for HIV-1 Tat-mediated transactivation of the viral LTR promoter, indicating protein kinase C regulates the process of HIV-1 transactivation and may play a role in the transition of HIV from latency to productive growth PubMed
    tat Protein kinase C phosphorylates HIV-1 Tat on serine residue 46 PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat activates protein kinase C, resulting in the induction of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-10 expression and the secretion of MCP-1 PubMed
    matrix gag Protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylates HIV-1 Matrix on serine residue 111 resulting in a shift in localization of Matrix from the cytosol to the cellular membrane, suggesting a myristoyl-protein switch regulated by PKC phosphorylation PubMed
    retropepsin gag-pol Phosphorylation of human recombinant vimentin by PKC inhibits the proteolytic processing of the vimentin head domain by HIV-1 protease PubMed
    reverse transcriptase gag-pol HIV-1 RT heterodimer expressed in bacteria can be phosphorylated in vitro by several purified mammalian protein kinases including auto-activated protein kinase (PK), CKII, cytosolic protamine kinase (CPK), myelin basic protein kinase 1 (MBPK1), and PRKC PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Clone Names

    • MGC57564

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in chemical synaptic transmission IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in chemosensory behavior IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in innervation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in intracellular signal transduction IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in learning or memory IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in long-term synaptic potentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of protein catabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of protein ubiquitination IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in phosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of mismatch repair IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in protein phosphorylation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of circadian rhythm ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of phagocytosis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of response to food ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to morphine ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in response to pain ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in response to psychosocial stress IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to toxic substance IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in rhythmic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in calyx of Held IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in cell-cell junction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in cytosol ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    located_in dendrite ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    located_in nucleus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    located_in plasma membrane ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    is_active_in postsynaptic cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in postsynaptic density IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in presynaptic cytosol IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in synaptic membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    protein kinase C gamma type
    NP_001303258.1
    NP_002730.1
    XP_047295048.1
    XP_054177413.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_009114.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5001..30435
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_669

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001316329.2NP_001303258.1  protein kinase C gamma type isoform 1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longer isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC008440, AK296434, AK312302, BC047876, DC318717
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS92683.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A804HIU5, B7Z3W6
      Related
      ENSP00000507230.1, ENST00000682028.1
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd04026
      Location:158289
      C2_PKC_alpha_gamma; C2 domain in Protein Kinase C (PKC) alpha and gamma
      smart00220
      Location:351614
      S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain
      cd05587
      Location:354677
      STKc_cPKC; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Classical (or Conventional) Protein Kinase C
      pfam00130
      Location:101153
      C1_1; Phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain)
    2. NM_002739.5NP_002730.1  protein kinase C gamma type isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002730.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 3' UTR and coding sequence compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) has a shorter and distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC008440, BC047876, DC318717
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS12867.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B7Z8Q0, P05129
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2R5T1
      Related
      ENSP00000263431.3, ENST00000263431.4
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd04026
      Location:158289
      C2_PKC_alpha_gamma; C2 domain in Protein Kinase C (PKC) alpha and gamma
      smart00220
      Location:351614
      S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain
      cd05587
      Location:354677
      STKc_cPKC; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Classical (or Conventional) Protein Kinase C
      pfam00130
      Location:101153
      C1_1; Phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain)

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000019.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      53881094..53907652
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_047439092.1XP_047295048.1  protein kinase C gamma type isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7Z3V9

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060943.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      56960799..56987358
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054321438.1XP_054177413.1  protein kinase C gamma type isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7Z3V9