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Postoperative cognitive dysfunction

MedGen UID:
1663569
•Concept ID:
C4721773
•
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Synonyms: Cognitive Complication, Postoperative; Cognitive Decline, Postoperative; Cognitive Dysfunction, Postoperative; Complication, Postoperative Cognitive; Decline, Postoperative Cognitive; Dysfunction, Postoperative Cognitive; Postoperative Cognitive Complication; Postoperative Cognitive Complications; Postoperative Cognitive Decline; Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction
SNOMED CT: POCD - postoperative cognitive dysfunction (771417007); Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (771417007); Cognitive dysfunction following surgical procedure (771417007)

Definition

COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT or functional decline after a surgical procedure. [from MeSH]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVPostoperative cognitive dysfunction

Professional guidelines

PubMed

The Management of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Cirrhotic Patients: An Overview of the Literature.
Ingustu DG, Pavel B, Paltineanu SI, Mihai DI, Cotorogea-Simion M, Martac C, Florescu MM, Cobilinschi C, Isac S, Droc G
Medicina (Kaunas) 2023 Feb 26;59(3) doi: 10.3390/medicina59030465. PMID: 36984466Free PMC Article
Postoperative delirium: perioperative assessment, risk reduction, and management.
Jin Z, Hu J, Ma D
Br J Anaesth 2020 Oct;125(4):492-504. Epub 2020 Aug 11 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.06.063. PMID: 32798069
Management of postoperative complications: general approach.
Sanguineti VA, Wild JR, Fain MJ
Clin Geriatr Med 2014 May;30(2):261-70. Epub 2014 Mar 4 doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2014.01.005. PMID: 24721365

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Total intravenous anesthesia versus inhalation anesthesia: how do outcomes compare?
Ramirez MF, Gan TJ
Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2023 Aug 1;36(4):399-406. Epub 2023 Jun 19 doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000001274. PMID: 37338939
Postoperative delirium: perioperative assessment, risk reduction, and management.
Jin Z, Hu J, Ma D
Br J Anaesth 2020 Oct;125(4):492-504. Epub 2020 Aug 11 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.06.063. PMID: 32798069
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Noncardiac Surgery.
Evered LA, Silbert BS
Anesth Analg 2018 Aug;127(2):496-505. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003514. PMID: 29889707
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and dementia: what we need to know and do.
Needham MJ, Webb CE, Bryden DC
Br J Anaesth 2017 Dec 1;119(suppl_1):i115-i125. doi: 10.1093/bja/aex354. PMID: 29161395
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction.
Hanning CD
Br J Anaesth 2005 Jul;95(1):82-7. Epub 2005 Jan 7 doi: 10.1093/bja/aei062. PMID: 15640305

Diagnosis

Association of Delirium With Long-term Cognitive Decline: A Meta-analysis.
Goldberg TE, Chen C, Wang Y, Jung E, Swanson A, Ing C, Garcia PS, Whittington RA, Moitra V
JAMA Neurol 2020 Nov 1;77(11):1373-1381. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2273. PMID: 32658246Free PMC Article
The potential mechanism of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in older people.
Lin X, Chen Y, Zhang P, Chen G, Zhou Y, Yu X
Exp Gerontol 2020 Feb;130:110791. Epub 2019 Nov 23 doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110791. PMID: 31765741
Recommendations for the nomenclature of cognitive change associated with anaesthesia and surgery-2018.
Evered L, Silbert B, Knopman DS, Scott DA, DeKosky ST, Rasmussen LS, Oh ES, Crosby G, Berger M, Eckenhoff RG; Nomenclature Consensus Working Group
Br J Anaesth 2018 Nov;121(5):1005-1012. Epub 2018 Jun 15 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2017.11.087. PMID: 30336844Free PMC Article
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Noncardiac Surgery.
Evered LA, Silbert BS
Anesth Analg 2018 Aug;127(2):496-505. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003514. PMID: 29889707
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and dementia: what we need to know and do.
Needham MJ, Webb CE, Bryden DC
Br J Anaesth 2017 Dec 1;119(suppl_1):i115-i125. doi: 10.1093/bja/aex354. PMID: 29161395

Therapy

Total intravenous anesthesia versus inhalation anesthesia: how do outcomes compare?
Ramirez MF, Gan TJ
Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2023 Aug 1;36(4):399-406. Epub 2023 Jun 19 doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000001274. PMID: 37338939
Neuroinflammation and Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders.
Subramaniyan S, Terrando N
Anesth Analg 2019 Apr;128(4):781-788. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004053. PMID: 30883423Free PMC Article
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Noncardiac Surgery.
Evered LA, Silbert BS
Anesth Analg 2018 Aug;127(2):496-505. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003514. PMID: 29889707
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and dementia: what we need to know and do.
Needham MJ, Webb CE, Bryden DC
Br J Anaesth 2017 Dec 1;119(suppl_1):i115-i125. doi: 10.1093/bja/aex354. PMID: 29161395
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction.
Hanning CD
Br J Anaesth 2005 Jul;95(1):82-7. Epub 2005 Jan 7 doi: 10.1093/bja/aei062. PMID: 15640305

Prognosis

Anesthesia, Anesthetics, and Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Patients.
Zhu HY, Yan JL, Zhang M, Xu TY, Chen C, Wu ZL
Curr Med Sci 2024 Apr;44(2):291-297. Epub 2024 Mar 22 doi: 10.1007/s11596-024-2836-8. PMID: 38517674
Progress of research in postoperative cognitive dysfunction in cardiac surgery patients: A review article.
Bhushan S, Li Y, Huang X, Cheng H, Gao K, Xiao Z
Int J Surg 2021 Nov;95:106163. Epub 2021 Nov 4 doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2021.106163. PMID: 34743049
Postoperative delirium: perioperative assessment, risk reduction, and management.
Jin Z, Hu J, Ma D
Br J Anaesth 2020 Oct;125(4):492-504. Epub 2020 Aug 11 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.06.063. PMID: 32798069
Association of Delirium With Long-term Cognitive Decline: A Meta-analysis.
Goldberg TE, Chen C, Wang Y, Jung E, Swanson A, Ing C, Garcia PS, Whittington RA, Moitra V
JAMA Neurol 2020 Nov 1;77(11):1373-1381. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2273. PMID: 32658246Free PMC Article
Recommendations for the nomenclature of cognitive change associated with anaesthesia and surgery-2018.
Evered L, Silbert B, Knopman DS, Scott DA, DeKosky ST, Rasmussen LS, Oh ES, Crosby G, Berger M, Eckenhoff RG; Nomenclature Consensus Working Group
Br J Anaesth 2018 Nov;121(5):1005-1012. Epub 2018 Jun 15 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2017.11.087. PMID: 30336844Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Progress of research in postoperative cognitive dysfunction in cardiac surgery patients: A review article.
Bhushan S, Li Y, Huang X, Cheng H, Gao K, Xiao Z
Int J Surg 2021 Nov;95:106163. Epub 2021 Nov 4 doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2021.106163. PMID: 34743049
Postoperative delirium: perioperative assessment, risk reduction, and management.
Jin Z, Hu J, Ma D
Br J Anaesth 2020 Oct;125(4):492-504. Epub 2020 Aug 11 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.06.063. PMID: 32798069
Association of Delirium With Long-term Cognitive Decline: A Meta-analysis.
Goldberg TE, Chen C, Wang Y, Jung E, Swanson A, Ing C, Garcia PS, Whittington RA, Moitra V
JAMA Neurol 2020 Nov 1;77(11):1373-1381. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2273. PMID: 32658246Free PMC Article
Anesthesiology and cognitive impairment: a narrative review of current clinical literature.
Belrose JC, Noppens RR
BMC Anesthesiol 2019 Dec 27;19(1):241. doi: 10.1186/s12871-019-0903-7. PMID: 31881996Free PMC Article
Cardiac Surgery and the Blood-Brain Barrier.
Hendy A, Hall R
Anesthesiol Clin 2019 Dec;37(4):787-800. Epub 2019 Oct 9 doi: 10.1016/j.anclin.2019.08.009. PMID: 31677691

Recent systematic reviews

Preventing postoperative cognitive dysfunction using anesthetic drugs in elderly patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Zeng K, Long J, Li Y, Hu J
Int J Surg 2023 Jan 1;109(1):21-31. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000001. PMID: 36799783Free PMC Article
The impact of regional versus general anesthesia on postoperative neurocognitive outcomes in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Bhushan S, Huang X, Duan Y, Xiao Z
Int J Surg 2022 Sep;105:106854. Epub 2022 Aug 27 doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106854. PMID: 36031067
Progress of research in postoperative cognitive dysfunction in cardiac surgery patients: A review article.
Bhushan S, Li Y, Huang X, Cheng H, Gao K, Xiao Z
Int J Surg 2021 Nov;95:106163. Epub 2021 Nov 4 doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2021.106163. PMID: 34743049
Association of Delirium With Long-term Cognitive Decline: A Meta-analysis.
Goldberg TE, Chen C, Wang Y, Jung E, Swanson A, Ing C, Garcia PS, Whittington RA, Moitra V
JAMA Neurol 2020 Nov 1;77(11):1373-1381. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2273. PMID: 32658246Free PMC Article
Intravenous versus inhalational maintenance of anaesthesia for postoperative cognitive outcomes in elderly people undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
Miller D, Lewis SR, Pritchard MW, Schofield-Robinson OJ, Shelton CL, Alderson P, Smith AF
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Aug 21;8(8):CD012317. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012317.pub2. PMID: 30129968Free PMC Article

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