U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Vulvar Warty Carcinoma

MedGen UID:
275619
•Concept ID:
C1520102
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonym: Vulvar Condylomatous Carcinoma

Definition

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the presence of a warty surface and cellular changes that are caused by human papillomavirus infection. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Worldwide human papillomavirus genotype attribution in over 2000 cases of intraepithelial and invasive lesions of the vulva.
de Sanjosé S, Alemany L, Ordi J, Tous S, Alejo M, Bigby SM, Joura EA, Maldonado P, Laco J, Bravo IG, Vidal A, Guimerà N, Cross P, Wain GV, Petry KU, Mariani L, Bergeron C, Mandys V, Sica AR, Félix A, Usubutun A, Seoud M, Hernández-Suárez G, Nowakowski AM, Wilson G, Dalstein V, Hampl M, Kasamatsu ES, Lombardi LE, Tinoco L, Alvarado-Cabrero I, Perrotta M, Bhatla N, Agorastos T, Lynch CF, Goodman MT, Shin HR, Viarheichyk H, Jach R, Cruz MO, Velasco J, Molina C, Bornstein J, Ferrera A, Domingo EJ, Chou CY, Banjo AF, Castellsagué X, Pawlita M, Lloveras B, Quint WG, Muñoz N, Bosch FX; HPV VVAP study group
Eur J Cancer 2013 Nov;49(16):3450-61. Epub 2013 Jul 22 doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2013.06.033. PMID: 23886586
ACOG Committee Opinion No. 509: Management of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia.
Obstet Gynecol 2011 Nov;118(5):1192-1194. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31823b17c2. PMID: 22015906
Distribution of human papillomavirus genotypes in invasive squamous carcinoma of the vulva.
Sutton BC, Allen RA, Moore WE, Dunn ST
Mod Pathol 2008 Mar;21(3):345-54. Epub 2008 Jan 11 doi: 10.1038/modpathol.3801010. PMID: 18192967

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Incidence and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Human Papillomavirus-independent Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Cervix: A Morphologic, Immunohistochemical, and Human Papilloma-Virologic Study of 670 Cases.
Stolnicu S, Allison D, Praiss AM, Tessier-Cloutier B, Momeni Boroujeni A, Flynn J, Iasonos A, Serrette R, Hoang L, Patrichi A, Terinte C, Pesci A, Mateoiu C, Lastra RR, Kiyokawa T, Ali-Fehmi R, Kheil M, Oliva E, Devins KM, Abu-Rustum NR, Soslow RA
Am J Surg Pathol 2023 Dec 1;47(12):1376-1389. Epub 2023 Sep 13 doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000002122. PMID: 37702216Free PMC Article
Reducing the radicality of surgery for vulvar cancer: are smaller margins safer?
Milliken S, May J, Sanderson PA, Congiu MA, D'Oria O, Golia D'Augè T, Caruso G, DI Donato V, Benedetti Panici P, Giannini A
Minerva Obstet Gynecol 2021 Apr;73(2):160-165. Epub 2020 Dec 11 doi: 10.23736/S2724-606X.20.04743-7. PMID: 33306289
Putative precancerous lesions of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.
Jenkins TM, Mills AM
Semin Diagn Pathol 2021 Jan;38(1):27-36. Epub 2020 Sep 6 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2020.09.006. PMID: 32948383
An update on vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: terminology and a practical approach to diagnosis.
Reyes MC, Cooper K
J Clin Pathol 2014 Apr;67(4):290-4. Epub 2014 Jan 7 doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2013-202117. PMID: 24399036
Histologic classification of penile intraepithelial neoplasia.
Velazquez EF, Chaux A, Cubilla AL
Semin Diagn Pathol 2012 May;29(2):96-102. doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2011.08.009. PMID: 22641959

Diagnosis

Incidence and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Human Papillomavirus-independent Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Cervix: A Morphologic, Immunohistochemical, and Human Papilloma-Virologic Study of 670 Cases.
Stolnicu S, Allison D, Praiss AM, Tessier-Cloutier B, Momeni Boroujeni A, Flynn J, Iasonos A, Serrette R, Hoang L, Patrichi A, Terinte C, Pesci A, Mateoiu C, Lastra RR, Kiyokawa T, Ali-Fehmi R, Kheil M, Oliva E, Devins KM, Abu-Rustum NR, Soslow RA
Am J Surg Pathol 2023 Dec 1;47(12):1376-1389. Epub 2023 Sep 13 doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000002122. PMID: 37702216Free PMC Article
Trends in HPV- and non-HPV-associated vulvar cancer incidence, United States, 2001-2017.
Mix JM, Gopalani SV, Simko S, Saraiya M
Prev Med 2022 Nov;164:107302. Epub 2022 Oct 12 doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107302. PMID: 36240909Free PMC Article
Putative precancerous lesions of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.
Jenkins TM, Mills AM
Semin Diagn Pathol 2021 Jan;38(1):27-36. Epub 2020 Sep 6 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2020.09.006. PMID: 32948383
Gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma metastasizing to the vulva: a case report.
Gidiri MF, Nyakura M, Hukuimwe M, Magwali T, Makunike-Mutasa R, Museta FD
J Med Case Rep 2017 Aug 22;11(1):232. doi: 10.1186/s13256-017-1399-8. PMID: 28826403Free PMC Article
HPV detection and genotyping in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma in northern Thailand.
Siriaunkgul S, Settakorn J, Sukpan K, Srisomboon J, Utaipat U, Lekawanvijit S, Khunamornpong S
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014;15(8):3773-8. doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.8.3773. PMID: 24870792

Therapy

Dermatoscopy and Optical Coherence Tomography in Vulvar High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions and Lichen Sclerosus: A Prospective Observational Trial.
Huisman BW, Pagan L, Naafs RGC, Ten Voorde W, Rissmann R, Piek JMJ, Damman J, Juachon MJ, Osse M, Niemeyer-van der Kolk T, van Hees CLM, van Poelgeest MIE
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2023 Jul 1;27(3):255-261. Epub 2023 Mar 16 doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000731. PMID: 36924426Free PMC Article
Coexistence of Condylomata Acuminata with Warty Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Erman-Vlahovic M, Vlahovic J, Mrcela M, Hrgovic Z
Med Arch 2017 Feb;71(1):72-75. Epub 2017 Feb 5 doi: 10.5455/medarh.2017.71.72-75. PMID: 28428680Free PMC Article
Usual vulval intraepithelial neoplasia in HIV-positive women - a case series.
Toby M, Conway K, Sethi G, Lewis F
Int J STD AIDS 2016 Dec;27(14):1253-1256. Epub 2015 Oct 14 doi: 10.1177/0956462415611513. PMID: 26472432
Imiquimod.
Garland SM
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2003 Apr;16(2):85-9. doi: 10.1097/00001432-200304000-00004. PMID: 12734440
Human papillomavirus-specific serologic response in vulvar neoplasia.
Sun Y, Hildesheim A, Brinton LA, Nasca PC, Trimble CL, Kurman RJ, Viscidi RP, Shah KV
Gynecol Oncol 1996 Nov;63(2):200-3. doi: 10.1006/gyno.1996.0306. PMID: 8910627

Prognosis

Incidence and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Human Papillomavirus-independent Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Cervix: A Morphologic, Immunohistochemical, and Human Papilloma-Virologic Study of 670 Cases.
Stolnicu S, Allison D, Praiss AM, Tessier-Cloutier B, Momeni Boroujeni A, Flynn J, Iasonos A, Serrette R, Hoang L, Patrichi A, Terinte C, Pesci A, Mateoiu C, Lastra RR, Kiyokawa T, Ali-Fehmi R, Kheil M, Oliva E, Devins KM, Abu-Rustum NR, Soslow RA
Am J Surg Pathol 2023 Dec 1;47(12):1376-1389. Epub 2023 Sep 13 doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000002122. PMID: 37702216Free PMC Article
Reducing the radicality of surgery for vulvar cancer: are smaller margins safer?
Milliken S, May J, Sanderson PA, Congiu MA, D'Oria O, Golia D'Augè T, Caruso G, DI Donato V, Benedetti Panici P, Giannini A
Minerva Obstet Gynecol 2021 Apr;73(2):160-165. Epub 2020 Dec 11 doi: 10.23736/S2724-606X.20.04743-7. PMID: 33306289
Putative precancerous lesions of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.
Jenkins TM, Mills AM
Semin Diagn Pathol 2021 Jan;38(1):27-36. Epub 2020 Sep 6 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2020.09.006. PMID: 32948383
Gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma metastasizing to the vulva: a case report.
Gidiri MF, Nyakura M, Hukuimwe M, Magwali T, Makunike-Mutasa R, Museta FD
J Med Case Rep 2017 Aug 22;11(1):232. doi: 10.1186/s13256-017-1399-8. PMID: 28826403Free PMC Article
Pathways of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma.
Del Pino M, Rodriguez-Carunchio L, Ordi J
Histopathology 2013 Jan;62(1):161-75. Epub 2012 Nov 27 doi: 10.1111/his.12034. PMID: 23190170

Clinical prediction guides

Incidence and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Human Papillomavirus-independent Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Cervix: A Morphologic, Immunohistochemical, and Human Papilloma-Virologic Study of 670 Cases.
Stolnicu S, Allison D, Praiss AM, Tessier-Cloutier B, Momeni Boroujeni A, Flynn J, Iasonos A, Serrette R, Hoang L, Patrichi A, Terinte C, Pesci A, Mateoiu C, Lastra RR, Kiyokawa T, Ali-Fehmi R, Kheil M, Oliva E, Devins KM, Abu-Rustum NR, Soslow RA
Am J Surg Pathol 2023 Dec 1;47(12):1376-1389. Epub 2023 Sep 13 doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000002122. PMID: 37702216Free PMC Article
Dermatoscopy and Optical Coherence Tomography in Vulvar High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions and Lichen Sclerosus: A Prospective Observational Trial.
Huisman BW, Pagan L, Naafs RGC, Ten Voorde W, Rissmann R, Piek JMJ, Damman J, Juachon MJ, Osse M, Niemeyer-van der Kolk T, van Hees CLM, van Poelgeest MIE
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2023 Jul 1;27(3):255-261. Epub 2023 Mar 16 doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000731. PMID: 36924426Free PMC Article
Reducing the radicality of surgery for vulvar cancer: are smaller margins safer?
Milliken S, May J, Sanderson PA, Congiu MA, D'Oria O, Golia D'Augè T, Caruso G, DI Donato V, Benedetti Panici P, Giannini A
Minerva Obstet Gynecol 2021 Apr;73(2):160-165. Epub 2020 Dec 11 doi: 10.23736/S2724-606X.20.04743-7. PMID: 33306289
Carcinogenesis of Vulvar Lesions: Morphology and Immunohistochemistry Evaluation.
Rivero RC, Garcia D, Hammes LS, Cerski MR, Magno V, Kliemann LM, Capp E
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2017 Jan;21(1):73-77. doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000271. PMID: 28027121
Prognosis of vulvar dysplasia and carcinoma in situ with special reference to histology and types of human papillomavirus (HPV).
Junge J, Poulsen H, Horn T, Hørding U, Lundvall F
APMIS 1997 Dec;105(12):963-71. PMID: 9463515

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Related information

    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...