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Laurence-Moon syndrome(LNMS)

MedGen UID:
44078
Concept ID:
C0023138
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: LNMS
SNOMED CT: Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome (5619004); Laurence-Moon syndrome (232059000)
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal recessive inheritance
MedGen UID:
141025
Concept ID:
C0441748
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).
 
Gene (location): PNPLA6 (19p13.2)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0009514
OMIM®: 245800
Orphanet: ORPHA2377

Authors:

Additional description

From OMIM
Laurence-Moon syndrome (LNMS) has a clinical presentation similar to that of Oliver-McFarlane syndrome (275400), including chorioretinopathy and pituitary dysfunction, but with childhood onset of ataxia, peripheral neuropathy, and spastic paraplegia and without trichomegaly. Historically, Laurence-Moon syndrome has been associated with Bardet-Biedl syndrome (see BBS, 209900) (summary by Hufnagel et al., 2015).  http://www.omim.org/entry/245800

Clinical features

From HPO
Small scrotum
MedGen UID:
141577
Concept ID:
C0455792
Finding
Apparently small scrotum for age.
Micropenis
MedGen UID:
1633603
Concept ID:
C4551492
Congenital Abnormality
Abnormally small penis. At birth, the normal penis is about 3 cm (stretched length from pubic tubercle to tip of penis) with micropenis less than 2.0-2.5 cm.
Abnormality of the hand
MedGen UID:
6715
Concept ID:
C0018564
Anatomical Abnormality
An abnormality affecting one or both hands.
Polydactyly
MedGen UID:
57774
Concept ID:
C0152427
Congenital Abnormality
A congenital anomaly characterized by the presence of supernumerary fingers or toes.
Obesity
MedGen UID:
18127
Concept ID:
C0028754
Disease or Syndrome
Accumulation of substantial excess body fat.
Short stature
MedGen UID:
87607
Concept ID:
C0349588
Finding
A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).
Cerebellar ataxia
MedGen UID:
849
Concept ID:
C0007758
Disease or Syndrome
Cerebellar ataxia refers to ataxia due to dysfunction of the cerebellum. This causes a variety of elementary neurological deficits including asynergy (lack of coordination between muscles, limbs and joints), dysmetria (lack of ability to judge distances that can lead to under- or overshoot in grasping movements), and dysdiadochokinesia (inability to perform rapid movements requiring antagonizing muscle groups to be switched on and off repeatedly).
Peripheral neuropathy
MedGen UID:
18386
Concept ID:
C0031117
Disease or Syndrome
Peripheral neuropathy is a general term for any disorder of the peripheral nervous system. The main clinical features used to classify peripheral neuropathy are distribution, type (mainly demyelinating versus mainly axonal), duration, and course.
Spastic paraplegia
MedGen UID:
20882
Concept ID:
C0037772
Disease or Syndrome
Spasticity and weakness of the leg and hip muscles.
Intellectual disability
MedGen UID:
811461
Concept ID:
C3714756
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.
Nystagmus
MedGen UID:
45166
Concept ID:
C0028738
Disease or Syndrome
Rhythmic, involuntary oscillations of one or both eyes related to abnormality in fixation, conjugate gaze, or vestibular mechanisms.
Chorioretinal atrophy
MedGen UID:
884881
Concept ID:
C4048273
Disease or Syndrome
Atrophy of the choroid and retinal layers of the fundus.
Pigmentary retinopathy
MedGen UID:
1643295
Concept ID:
C4551715
Disease or Syndrome
An abnormality of the retina characterized by pigment deposition. It is typically associated with migration and proliferation of macrophages or retinal pigment epithelial cells into the retina; melanin from these cells causes the pigmentary changes. Pigmentary retinopathy is a common final pathway of many retinal conditions and is often associated with visual loss.

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVLaurence-Moon syndrome
Follow this link to review classifications for Laurence-Moon syndrome in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

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Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Parameswarappa DC, Das AV, Thakur PS, Takkar B, Multani PK, Padhy SK, Doctor MB, Agarwal K, Jalali S
Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 Jul;70(7):2533-2538. doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_2268_21. PMID: 35791150Free PMC Article
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Diagnosis

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Therapy

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Prognosis

Liu J, Hufnagel RB
Ophthalmic Genet 2023 Dec;44(6):530-538. Epub 2023 Nov 20 doi: 10.1080/13816810.2023.2254830. PMID: 37732399Free PMC Article
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Clinical prediction guides

Liu J, He Y, Lwin C, Han M, Guan B, Naik A, Bender C, Moore N, Huryn LA, Sergeev YV, Qian H, Zeng Y, Dong L, Liu P, Lei J, Haugen CJ, Prasov L, Shi R, Dollfus H, Aristodemou P, Laich Y, Németh AH, Taylor J, Downes S, Krawczynski MR, Meunier I, Strassberg M, Tenney J, Gao J, Shear MA, Moore AT, Duncan JL, Menendez B, Hull S, Vincent AL, Siskind CE, Traboulsi EI, Blackstone C, Sisk RA, Miraldi Utz V, Webster AR, Michaelides M, Arno G, Synofzik M, Hufnagel RB
Brain 2024 Jun 3;147(6):2085-2097. doi: 10.1093/brain/awae055. PMID: 38735647Free PMC Article
Parameswarappa DC, Das AV, Thakur PS, Takkar B, Multani PK, Padhy SK, Doctor MB, Agarwal K, Jalali S
Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 Jul;70(7):2533-2538. doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_2268_21. PMID: 35791150Free PMC Article
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Recent systematic reviews

Liu J, He Y, Lwin C, Han M, Guan B, Naik A, Bender C, Moore N, Huryn LA, Sergeev YV, Qian H, Zeng Y, Dong L, Liu P, Lei J, Haugen CJ, Prasov L, Shi R, Dollfus H, Aristodemou P, Laich Y, Németh AH, Taylor J, Downes S, Krawczynski MR, Meunier I, Strassberg M, Tenney J, Gao J, Shear MA, Moore AT, Duncan JL, Menendez B, Hull S, Vincent AL, Siskind CE, Traboulsi EI, Blackstone C, Sisk RA, Miraldi Utz V, Webster AR, Michaelides M, Arno G, Synofzik M, Hufnagel RB
Brain 2024 Jun 3;147(6):2085-2097. doi: 10.1093/brain/awae055. PMID: 38735647Free PMC Article

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