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Embryonal carcinoma

MedGen UID:
61653
•Concept ID:
C0206659
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Carcinoma, Embryonal; Carcinomas, Embryonal; Embryonal Carcinoma; Embryonal Carcinomas
SNOMED CT: Embryonal carcinoma (1156454002); Embryonal carcinoma (28047004); Embryonal adenocarcinoma (28047004)
Modes of inheritance:
Not genetically inherited
MedGen UID:
988794
•Concept ID:
CN307044
•
Finding
Source: Orphanet
clinical entity without genetic inheritance.
See: This record
Not genetically inherited (Orphanet)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0005440
Orphanet: ORPHA180226

Definition

A non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of large germ cells with abundant cytoplasm resembling epithelial cells, geographic necrosis, high mitotic activity, and pseudoglandular and pseudopapillary structures formation. It can arise from the testis, ovary, and extragonadal sites (central nervous system and mediastinum). [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

The Polyvalent Role of CD30 for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.
Dumitru AV, Țăpoi DA, Halcu G, Munteanu O, Dumitrascu DI, Ceaușu MC, Gheorghișan-Gălățeanu AA
Cells 2023 Jul 5;12(13) doi: 10.3390/cells12131783. PMID: 37443818Free PMC Article
Primary Mediastinal Nonseminomas: A Population-Based Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Analysis.
Yang X, Zhao K, Mei J, Wei S, Xia L, Pu Y, Liu L
J Surg Res 2021 Nov;267:25-36. Epub 2021 Jun 11 doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.04.022. PMID: 34126390
A Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumors.
Lyndaker AM, Pierpont TM, Loehr AR, Weiss RS
Methods Mol Biol 2021;2195:147-165. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0860-9_11. PMID: 32852763

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Overexpression of SerpinB9 in non-seminomatous germ cell tumors.
Anami T, Ibe Y, Li L, Komohara Y, Hirao H, Harada M, Yano H, Fujiwara Y, Motoshima T, Yatsuda J, Hibi T, Kamba T
Med Mol Morphol 2024 Mar;57(1):68-75. Epub 2023 Nov 22 doi: 10.1007/s00795-023-00374-9. PMID: 37991604
Germ Cell Tumors of the Ovary: A Review.
Ramalingam P
Semin Diagn Pathol 2023 Jan;40(1):22-36. Epub 2022 Jul 29 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2022.07.004. PMID: 36088223
Capturing Pluripotency and Beyond.
Yeh CY, Huang WH, Chen HC, Meir YJ
Cells 2021 Dec 16;10(12) doi: 10.3390/cells10123558. PMID: 34944066Free PMC Article
Germ Cell Tumors of the Female Genital Tract.
Euscher ED
Surg Pathol Clin 2019 Jun;12(2):621-649. doi: 10.1016/j.path.2019.01.005. PMID: 31097117
Managing menopausal problems.
Cobleigh MA
Cancer Treat Res 2000;103:1-23. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4757-3147-7_1. PMID: 10948439

Diagnosis

Germ Cell Tumors of the Ovary: A Review.
Ramalingam P
Semin Diagn Pathol 2023 Jan;40(1):22-36. Epub 2022 Jul 29 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2022.07.004. PMID: 36088223
Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumors: A Review and Update on Pathologic, Clinical, and Molecular Features.
El-Zaatari ZM, Ro JY
Adv Anat Pathol 2021 Sep 1;28(5):335-350. doi: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000304. PMID: 34029275
Fine needle aspiration of mediastinal germ cell tumors.
Reynolds JP, Liu S
Semin Diagn Pathol 2020 Jul;37(4):174-178. Epub 2020 May 13 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2020.04.008. PMID: 32444243
Cancer Stem Cell Niche and Immune-Active Tumor Microenvironment in Testicular Germ Cell Tumors.
Kalavska K, Kucerova L, Schmidtova S, Chovanec M, Mego M
Adv Exp Med Biol 2020;1226:111-121. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-36214-0_9. PMID: 32030680
Germ Cell Tumors of the Female Genital Tract.
Euscher ED
Surg Pathol Clin 2019 Jun;12(2):621-649. doi: 10.1016/j.path.2019.01.005. PMID: 31097117

Therapy

Endobronchial Embryonal Carcinoma.
Moreira-Meyer A, Bautista-Herrera D, Hernández-González M, Navarro-Reynoso F, Cicero-Sabido R, Núñez-Pérez-Redondo C
J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol 2017 Apr;24(2):148-152. doi: 10.1097/LBR.0000000000000315. PMID: 28323728
Medulloblastoma stem cells.
Fan X, Eberhart CG
J Clin Oncol 2008 Jun 10;26(17):2821-7. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2007.15.2264. PMID: 18539960Free PMC Article
Expansion of a mutated clone: from stem cell to tumour.
Leedham SJ, Wright NA
J Clin Pathol 2008 Feb;61(2):164-71. Epub 2007 Apr 27 doi: 10.1136/jcp.2006.044610. PMID: 17468295
Germ cell tumours of the ovary.
Guillem V, Poveda A
Clin Transl Oncol 2007 Apr;9(4):237-43. doi: 10.1007/s12094-007-0045-0. PMID: 17462976
Managing menopausal problems.
Cobleigh MA
Cancer Treat Res 2000;103:1-23. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4757-3147-7_1. PMID: 10948439

Prognosis

Fine needle aspiration of mediastinal germ cell tumors.
Reynolds JP, Liu S
Semin Diagn Pathol 2020 Jul;37(4):174-178. Epub 2020 May 13 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2020.04.008. PMID: 32444243
Recent advances in the regulation of testicular germ cell tumors by microRNAs.
Batool A, Liu XM, Zhang CL, Hao CF, Chen SR, Liu YX
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2019 Mar 1;24(4):765-776. doi: 10.2741/4749. PMID: 30844711
Extensive surgery in metastatic testicular cancer.
Melchior D, Müller SC, Albers P
Aktuelle Urol 2003 Jul;34(4):214-22. doi: 10.1055/s-2003-41600. PMID: 14566667
Managing menopausal problems.
Cobleigh MA
Cancer Treat Res 2000;103:1-23. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4757-3147-7_1. PMID: 10948439
Testicular cancer in Nigerians.
Magoha GA
East Afr Med J 1995 Sep;72(9):554-6. PMID: 7498039

Clinical prediction guides

A Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumors.
Lyndaker AM, Pierpont TM, Loehr AR, Weiss RS
Methods Mol Biol 2021;2195:147-165. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0860-9_11. PMID: 32852763
Extragonadal germ cell tumors: Not just a matter of location. A review about clinical, molecular and pathological features.
Ronchi A, Cozzolino I, Montella M, Panarese I, Zito Marino F, Rossetti S, Chieffi P, Accardo M, Facchini G, Franco R
Cancer Med 2019 Nov;8(16):6832-6840. Epub 2019 Sep 30 doi: 10.1002/cam4.2195. PMID: 31568647Free PMC Article
Epigenetic reprogramming of nuclei using cell extracts.
Collas P, Taranger CK
Stem Cell Rev 2006;2(4):309-17. doi: 10.1007/BF02698058. PMID: 17848718
Primary testicular carcinoid.
Hodzic J, Golka K, Schulze H
Med Sci Monit 2004 Aug;10(8):CS46-8. Epub 2004 Jul 23 PMID: 15278003
Regulation and patterns of endogenous and exogenous gene expression during differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells.
Astigiano S, Sherman MI, Abarzúa P
Environ Health Perspect 1989 Mar;80:25-38. doi: 10.1289/ehp.898025. PMID: 2564340Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Prognostic factors in patients with clinical stage I nonseminoma-beyond lymphovascular invasion: a systematic review.
Zengerling F, Beyersdorff D, Busch J, Heinzelbecker J, Pfister D, Ruf C, Winter C, Albers P, Kliesch S, Schmidt S
World J Urol 2022 Dec;40(12):2879-2887. Epub 2022 Jul 29 doi: 10.1007/s00345-022-04063-7. PMID: 35906286Free PMC Article
Lymphovascular invasion and presence of embryonal carcinoma as risk factors for occult metastatic disease in clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumour: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Blok JM, Pluim I, Daugaard G, Wagner T, Jóźwiak K, Wilthagen EA, Looijenga LHJ, Meijer RP, Bosch JLHR, Horenblas S
BJU Int 2020 Mar;125(3):355-368. Epub 2020 Jan 8 doi: 10.1111/bju.14967. PMID: 31797520Free PMC Article
Modulation of all-trans retinoic acid-induced MiRNA expression in neoplastic cell lines: a systematic review.
Lima L, de Melo TCT, Marques D, de Araújo JNG, Leite ISF, Alves CX, Genre J, Silbiger VN
BMC Cancer 2019 Aug 30;19(1):866. doi: 10.1186/s12885-019-6081-7. PMID: 31470825Free PMC Article
The testicular germ cell tumour transcriptome.
Alagaratnam S, Lind GE, Kraggerud SM, Lothe RA, Skotheim RI
Int J Androl 2011 Aug;34(4 Pt 2):e133-50; discussion e150-1. Epub 2011 Jun 9 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2011.01169.x. PMID: 21651573
Predictors of occult metastasis in clinical stage I nonseminoma: a systematic review.
Vergouwe Y, Steyerberg EW, Eijkemans MJ, Albers P, Habbema JD
J Clin Oncol 2003 Nov 15;21(22):4092-9. Epub 2003 Oct 14 doi: 10.1200/JCO.2003.01.094. PMID: 14559885

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