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Mixed testicular germ cell cancer

MedGen UID:
237005
•Concept ID:
C1336720
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Mixed Germ Cell Neoplasm of Testis; mixed germ cell neoplasm of testis; Mixed Germ Cell Neoplasm of the Testis; mixed germ cell neoplasm of the testis; mixed germ cell tumor; Mixed Germ Cell Tumor of Testis; mixed germ cell tumor of testis; Mixed Germ Cell Tumor of the Testis; mixed germ cell tumor of the testis; mixed germ cell tumour; mixed germ cell tumour of testis; mixed germ cell tumour of the testis; mixed testicular germ cell cancer; mixed testicular germ cell tumor; mixed testicular germ cell tumour; Testicular Germ Cell Tumor (Mixed); testicular germ cell tumor (mixed); testicular germ cell tumour (mixed); Testicular Mixed Germ Cell Neoplasm; testicular mixed germ cell neoplasm; Testicular Mixed Germ Cell Tumor; testicular mixed germ cell tumor; testicular mixed germ cell tumour; testis mixed germ cell tumor; testis mixed germ cell tumour
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0003120

Definition

A malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of more than one histologic component. Representative examples include mixed choriocarcinoma and embryonal carcinoma, mixed embryonal carcinoma and seminoma, and mixed yolk sac tumor and teratoma. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Mixed or non-seminomatous germ-cell tumors: ESMO clinical recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.
Huddart R, Kataja V; ESMO Guidelines Working Group
Ann Oncol 2008 May;19 Suppl 2:ii52-4. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdn087. PMID: 18456768
Mixed or non-seminomatous germ-cell tumors: ESMO clinical recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.
ESMO Guidelines Working Group, Huddart RA
Ann Oncol 2007 Apr;18 Suppl 2:ii42-3. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdm031. PMID: 17491041
ESMO minimum clinical recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of mixed or non-seminomatous germ cell tumours (NSGCT).
Ann Oncol 2001 Sep;12(9):1215-6. PMID: 11697829

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Testicular Tumors: A Contemporary Update on Morphologic, Immunohistochemical and Molecular Features.
Al-Obaidy KI, Idrees MT
Adv Anat Pathol 2021 Jul 1;28(4):258-275. doi: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000302. PMID: 33871428
Association Between Marijuana Use and Risk of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Ghasemiesfe M, Barrow B, Leonard S, Keyhani S, Korenstein D
JAMA Netw Open 2019 Nov 1;2(11):e1916318. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16318. PMID: 31774524Free PMC Article
Critical review of the management of primary central nervous nongerminomatous germ cell tumors.
Abu Arja MH, Bouffet E, Finlay JL, AbdelBaki MS
Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019 Jun;66(6):e27658. Epub 2019 Feb 15 doi: 10.1002/pbc.27658. PMID: 30767415
Mixed or non-seminomatous germ-cell tumors: ESMO clinical recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.
Huddart R, Kataja V; ESMO Guidelines Working Group
Ann Oncol 2008 May;19 Suppl 2:ii52-4. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdn087. PMID: 18456768
Mixed or non-seminomatous germ-cell tumors: ESMO clinical recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.
ESMO Guidelines Working Group, Huddart RA
Ann Oncol 2007 Apr;18 Suppl 2:ii42-3. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdm031. PMID: 17491041

Diagnosis

Testicular Tumors: A Contemporary Update on Morphologic, Immunohistochemical and Molecular Features.
Al-Obaidy KI, Idrees MT
Adv Anat Pathol 2021 Jul 1;28(4):258-275. doi: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000302. PMID: 33871428
Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor in Nonseminomatous Mixed Germ Cell Tumors of the Testis: a Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Razafimahefa J, Gosset C, Culine S, Mongiat-Artus P, Verine J
Clin Genitourin Cancer 2018 Apr;16(2):e349-e354. Epub 2017 Dec 27 doi: 10.1016/j.clgc.2017.12.010. PMID: 29395947
Perspectives on testicular germ cell neoplasms.
Cheng L, Lyu B, Roth LM
Hum Pathol 2017 Jan;59:10-25. Epub 2016 Aug 26 doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.08.002. PMID: 27569298
ESMO minimum clinical recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of mixed or non-seminomatous germ cell tumours (NSGCT).
Ann Oncol 2001 Sep;12(9):1215-6. PMID: 11697829
Dysgenetic male pseudohermaphroditism.
Rajfer J, Mendelsohn G, Arnheim J, Jeffs RD, Walsh PC
J Urol 1978 Apr;119(4):525-7. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)57536-9. PMID: 650759

Therapy

Association Between Marijuana Use and Risk of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Ghasemiesfe M, Barrow B, Leonard S, Keyhani S, Korenstein D
JAMA Netw Open 2019 Nov 1;2(11):e1916318. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16318. PMID: 31774524Free PMC Article
Symptomatic hyperthyroidism in metastatic testicular mixed germ cell tumour.
Shah D, Khalid N
BMJ Case Rep 2018 Jun 8;2018 doi: 10.1136/bcr-2018-224877. PMID: 29884717Free PMC Article
Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor in Nonseminomatous Mixed Germ Cell Tumors of the Testis: a Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Razafimahefa J, Gosset C, Culine S, Mongiat-Artus P, Verine J
Clin Genitourin Cancer 2018 Apr;16(2):e349-e354. Epub 2017 Dec 27 doi: 10.1016/j.clgc.2017.12.010. PMID: 29395947
Current knowledge of risk factors for testicular germ cell tumors.
Fukawa T, Kanayama HO
Int J Urol 2018 Apr;25(4):337-344. Epub 2018 Jan 17 doi: 10.1111/iju.13519. PMID: 29345008
Metastatic mixed germ-cell neoplasm presenting as retinal detachment.
Phelps PO, Kapadia AA, Chennuri R, Mehta DG
J Clin Oncol 2012 May 1;30(13):e133-6. Epub 2012 Mar 5 doi: 10.1200/JCO.2011.38.2093. PMID: 22393102

Prognosis

Critical review of the management of primary central nervous nongerminomatous germ cell tumors.
Abu Arja MH, Bouffet E, Finlay JL, AbdelBaki MS
Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019 Jun;66(6):e27658. Epub 2019 Feb 15 doi: 10.1002/pbc.27658. PMID: 30767415
Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor in Nonseminomatous Mixed Germ Cell Tumors of the Testis: a Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Razafimahefa J, Gosset C, Culine S, Mongiat-Artus P, Verine J
Clin Genitourin Cancer 2018 Apr;16(2):e349-e354. Epub 2017 Dec 27 doi: 10.1016/j.clgc.2017.12.010. PMID: 29395947
Perspectives on testicular germ cell neoplasms.
Cheng L, Lyu B, Roth LM
Hum Pathol 2017 Jan;59:10-25. Epub 2016 Aug 26 doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.08.002. PMID: 27569298
Metastatic mixed germ-cell neoplasm presenting as retinal detachment.
Phelps PO, Kapadia AA, Chennuri R, Mehta DG
J Clin Oncol 2012 May 1;30(13):e133-6. Epub 2012 Mar 5 doi: 10.1200/JCO.2011.38.2093. PMID: 22393102
Mixed or non-seminomatous germ-cell tumors: ESMO clinical recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.
Huddart R, Kataja V; ESMO Guidelines Working Group
Ann Oncol 2008 May;19 Suppl 2:ii52-4. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdn087. PMID: 18456768

Clinical prediction guides

Renal vein thrombosis due to metastatic germ cell tumor, report of a case with a very rare clinical scenario.
Ghorbani H, Emadi Torghabeh A, Farzadnia M, Golshan A, Rabiei P
Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023 Dec;6(12):e1910. Epub 2023 Oct 8 doi: 10.1002/cnr2.1910. PMID: 37807242Free PMC Article
Perspectives on testicular germ cell neoplasms.
Cheng L, Lyu B, Roth LM
Hum Pathol 2017 Jan;59:10-25. Epub 2016 Aug 26 doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.08.002. PMID: 27569298
Different transformation of mature teratoma in a patient with mixed germ cell tumor of the testis.
Fujimura T, Yamada Y, Nasu M, Hamasaki K, Minowada S, Kitamura T
Int J Urol 2005 Jun;12(6):588-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2005.01097.x. PMID: 15985085
Primary testicular carcinoid.
Hodzic J, Golka K, Schulze H
Med Sci Monit 2004 Aug;10(8):CS46-8. Epub 2004 Jul 23 PMID: 15278003
Semen analysis in testicular cancer and Hodgkin's disease: pre- and post-treatment findings and implications for cryopreservation.
Hendry WF, Stedronska J, Jones CR, Blackmore CA, Barrett A, Peckham MJ
Br J Urol 1983 Dec;55(6):769-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.1983.tb03423.x. PMID: 6652450

Recent systematic reviews

Diagnostic performance of microRNAs in testicular germ cell tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Zhao XY, Gao YL, Li DF, Liu HC, Zhu RF, Zhu CT
Aging (Albany NY) 2021 Aug 3;13(15):19657-19677. doi: 10.18632/aging.203376. PMID: 34343969Free PMC Article
Association Between Marijuana Use and Risk of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Ghasemiesfe M, Barrow B, Leonard S, Keyhani S, Korenstein D
JAMA Netw Open 2019 Nov 1;2(11):e1916318. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16318. PMID: 31774524Free PMC Article
Association between KITLG Gene Polymorphisms and Testicular Germ Cell Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Qin JX, Cai ZL, Yang YF, Xing JC, Zhuang X
Curr Med Sci 2019 Oct;39(5):702-706. Epub 2019 Oct 14 doi: 10.1007/s11596-019-2095-2. PMID: 31612386
Management of stage I non-seminomatous testicular cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Hotte SJ, Mayhew LA, Jewett M, Chin J, Winquist E; Genitourinary Cancer Disease Site Group of the Cancer Care Ontario Program in Evidence-based Care
Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2010 Feb;22(1):17-26. Epub 2009 Oct 17 doi: 10.1016/j.clon.2009.09.005. PMID: 19836934

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