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Vulvar squamous neoplasm

MedGen UID:
276998
•Concept ID:
C1520097
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: mammalian vulva squamous cell neoplasm; Vulvar Squamous Neoplasm; vulvar squamous neoplasm; Vulvar Squamous Tumor; vulvar squamous tumor; vulvar squamous tumour
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0002195

Definition

A benign, precancerous, or malignant neoplasm that arises from the squamous epithelium of the vulva. Representative examples include vestibular papilloma, intraepithelial neoplasia, and squamous cell carcinoma. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

The European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO), the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease (ISSVD), the European College for the Study of Vulval Disease (ECSVD), and the European Federation for Colposcopy (EFC) consensus statement on the management of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia.
Kesic V, Carcopino X, Preti M, Vieira-Baptista P, Bevilacqua F, Bornstein J, Chargari C, Cruickshank M, Erzeneoglu E, Gallio N, Gultekin M, Heller D, Joura E, Kyrgiou M, Madić T, Planchamp F, Regauer S, Reich O, Esat Temiz B, Woelber L, Zodzika J, Stockdale C
Int J Gynecol Cancer 2023 Apr 3;33(4):446-461. doi: 10.1136/ijgc-2022-004213. PMID: 36958755Free PMC Article
Modern treatment of vulvar cancer.
Merlo S
Radiol Oncol 2020 Sep 22;54(4):371-376. doi: 10.2478/raon-2020-0053. PMID: 32960779Free PMC Article
Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: Classification, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management.
Lebreton M, Carton I, Brousse S, Lavoué V, Body G, Levêque J, Nyangoh-Timoh K
J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2020 Nov;49(9):101801. Epub 2020 May 14 doi: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2020.101801. PMID: 32417455

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

HPV-independent, p53-wild-type vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: a review of nomenclature and the journey to characterize verruciform and acanthotic precursor lesions of the vulva.
Parra-Herran C, Nucci MR, Singh N, Rakislova N, Howitt BE, Hoang L, Gilks CB, Bosse T, Watkins JC
Mod Pathol 2022 Oct;35(10):1317-1326. Epub 2022 Apr 18 doi: 10.1038/s41379-022-01079-7. PMID: 35437330
Cancer of the vulva: 2021 update.
Olawaiye AB, Cuello MA, Rogers LJ
Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2021 Oct;155 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):7-18. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.13881. PMID: 34669204Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and Treatment of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: An Update for Dermatologists.
Lee A, Fischer G
Am J Clin Dermatol 2018 Oct;19(5):695-706. doi: 10.1007/s40257-018-0364-7. PMID: 29987650
Lichen sclerosus and risk of cancer.
Halonen P, Jakobsson M, Heikinheimo O, Riska A, Gissler M, Pukkala E
Int J Cancer 2017 May 1;140(9):1998-2002. Epub 2017 Feb 10 doi: 10.1002/ijc.30621. PMID: 28124469
Lichen sclerosus.
Murphy R
Dermatol Clin 2010 Oct;28(4):707-15. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2010.07.006. PMID: 20883914

Diagnosis

HPV-independent, p53-wild-type vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: a review of nomenclature and the journey to characterize verruciform and acanthotic precursor lesions of the vulva.
Parra-Herran C, Nucci MR, Singh N, Rakislova N, Howitt BE, Hoang L, Gilks CB, Bosse T, Watkins JC
Mod Pathol 2022 Oct;35(10):1317-1326. Epub 2022 Apr 18 doi: 10.1038/s41379-022-01079-7. PMID: 35437330
Cancer of the vulva: 2021 update.
Olawaiye AB, Cuello MA, Rogers LJ
Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2021 Oct;155 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):7-18. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.13881. PMID: 34669204Free PMC Article
Cancer of the Vulva: A Review.
Michalski BM, Pfeifer JD, Mutch D, Council ML
Dermatol Surg 2021 Feb 1;47(2):174-183. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000002584. PMID: 32947298
Diagnosis and Treatment of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: An Update for Dermatologists.
Lee A, Fischer G
Am J Clin Dermatol 2018 Oct;19(5):695-706. doi: 10.1007/s40257-018-0364-7. PMID: 29987650
Vulval lichen planus.
Lewis FM
Br J Dermatol 1998 Apr;138(4):569-75. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02164.x. PMID: 9640359

Therapy

Human papillomavirus infection: Epidemiology, biology, host interactions, cancer development, prevention, and therapeutics.
Wolf J, Kist LF, Pereira SB, Quessada MA, Petek H, Pille A, Maccari JG, Mutlaq MP, Nasi LA
Rev Med Virol 2024 May;34(3):e2537. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2537. PMID: 38666757
The European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO), the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease (ISSVD), the European College for the Study of Vulval Disease (ECSVD), and the European Federation for Colposcopy (EFC) consensus statement on the management of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia.
Kesic V, Carcopino X, Preti M, Vieira-Baptista P, Bevilacqua F, Bornstein J, Chargari C, Cruickshank M, Erzeneoglu E, Gallio N, Gultekin M, Heller D, Joura E, Kyrgiou M, Madić T, Planchamp F, Regauer S, Reich O, Esat Temiz B, Woelber L, Zodzika J, Stockdale C
Int J Gynecol Cancer 2023 Apr 3;33(4):446-461. doi: 10.1136/ijgc-2022-004213. PMID: 36958755Free PMC Article
Cancer of the Vulva: A Review.
Michalski BM, Pfeifer JD, Mutch D, Council ML
Dermatol Surg 2021 Feb 1;47(2):174-183. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000002584. PMID: 32947298
Hormone Replacement Therapy in Cancer Survivors - Review of the Literature.
Deli T, Orosz M, Jakab A
Pathol Oncol Res 2020 Jan;26(1):63-78. Epub 2019 Jan 8 doi: 10.1007/s12253-018-00569-x. PMID: 30617760Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and Treatment of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: An Update for Dermatologists.
Lee A, Fischer G
Am J Clin Dermatol 2018 Oct;19(5):695-706. doi: 10.1007/s40257-018-0364-7. PMID: 29987650

Prognosis

Multizonal anogenital neoplasia in women: a cohort analysis.
Albuquerque A, Godfrey MAL, Cappello C, Pesola F, Bowring J, Cuming T, De Masi A, Rosenthal AN, Sasieni P, Nathan M
BMC Cancer 2021 Mar 6;21(1):232. doi: 10.1186/s12885-021-07949-8. PMID: 33676451Free PMC Article
Modern treatment of vulvar cancer.
Merlo S
Radiol Oncol 2020 Sep 22;54(4):371-376. doi: 10.2478/raon-2020-0053. PMID: 32960779Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and Treatment of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: An Update for Dermatologists.
Lee A, Fischer G
Am J Clin Dermatol 2018 Oct;19(5):695-706. doi: 10.1007/s40257-018-0364-7. PMID: 29987650
Bartholin gland cancer.
Di Donato V, Casorelli A, Bardhi E, Vena F, Marchetti C, Muzii L, Benedetti Panici P
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017 Sep;117:1-11. Epub 2017 Jun 13 doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.06.005. PMID: 28807231
Lichen sclerosus.
Murphy R
Dermatol Clin 2010 Oct;28(4):707-15. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2010.07.006. PMID: 20883914

Clinical prediction guides

DEVIL, VAAD and vLSC constitute a spectrum of HPV-independent, p53-independent intra-epithelial neoplasia of the vulva.
Roy SF, Wong J, Le Page C, Tran-Thanh D, Barkati M, Pina A, Trinh VQ, Rahimi K
Histopathology 2021 Dec;79(6):975-988. Epub 2021 Sep 20 doi: 10.1111/his.14451. PMID: 34265101
Major p53 immunohistochemical patterns in in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinomas of the vulva and correlation with TP53 mutation status.
Tessier-Cloutier B, Kortekaas KE, Thompson E, Pors J, Chen J, Ho J, Prentice LM, McConechy MK, Chow C, Proctor L, McAlpine JN, Huntsman DG, Gilks CB, Bosse T, Hoang LN
Mod Pathol 2020 Aug;33(8):1595-1605. Epub 2020 Mar 20 doi: 10.1038/s41379-020-0524-1. PMID: 32203095
A mechanically active heterotypic E-cadherin/N-cadherin adhesion enables fibroblasts to drive cancer cell invasion.
Labernadie A, Kato T, Brugués A, Serra-Picamal X, Derzsi S, Arwert E, Weston A, González-Tarragó V, Elosegui-Artola A, Albertazzi L, Alcaraz J, Roca-Cusachs P, Sahai E, Trepat X
Nat Cell Biol 2017 Mar;19(3):224-237. Epub 2017 Feb 20 doi: 10.1038/ncb3478. PMID: 28218910Free PMC Article
Lichen sclerosus and risk of cancer.
Halonen P, Jakobsson M, Heikinheimo O, Riska A, Gissler M, Pukkala E
Int J Cancer 2017 May 1;140(9):1998-2002. Epub 2017 Feb 10 doi: 10.1002/ijc.30621. PMID: 28124469
Sentinel node dissection is safe in the treatment of early-stage vulvar cancer.
Van der Zee AG, Oonk MH, De Hullu JA, Ansink AC, Vergote I, Verheijen RH, Maggioni A, Gaarenstroom KN, Baldwin PJ, Van Dorst EB, Van der Velden J, Hermans RH, van der Putten H, Drouin P, Schneider A, Sluiter WJ
J Clin Oncol 2008 Feb 20;26(6):884-9. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2007.14.0566. PMID: 18281661

Recent systematic reviews

PD-L1 expression in vulvar cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Baandrup L, Sand FL, Aalborg GL, Nøttrup TJ, Fiehn AK, Kjaer SK
Histopathology 2024 Apr;84(5):742-752. Epub 2023 Dec 12 doi: 10.1111/his.15112. PMID: 38084642
Prevalence of human papillomavirus DNA and p16(INK4a) positivity in vulvar cancer and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Li Z, Liu P, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Chen Z, Chu R, Li G, Han Q, Zhao Y, Li L, Miao J, Kong B, Song K
Lancet Oncol 2023 Apr;24(4):403-414. Epub 2023 Mar 15 doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(23)00066-9. PMID: 36933562
Molecular Features of Preinvasive and Invasive Vulvar Neoplasms.
Deb PQ, Heller DS
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2023 Jan 1;27(1):40-46. Epub 2022 Sep 9 doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000701. PMID: 36083687
Precursor lesions of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma - histology and biomarkers: A systematic review.
Dasgupta S, Ewing-Graham PC, Swagemakers SMA, van der Spek PJ, van Doorn HC, Noordhoek Hegt V, Koljenović S, van Kemenade FJ
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020 Mar;147:102866. Epub 2020 Jan 15 doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.102866. PMID: 32058913
Vulvar, Perianal and Perineal Cancer After Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis.
Makris GM, Poulakaki N, Papanota AM, Kotsifa E, Sergentanis TN, Psaltopoulou T
Dermatol Surg 2017 Jan;43(1):107-115. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000000944. PMID: 27755170

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